This scope-review presents the milestones of how Hierarchical Rater Models (HRMs) become operable to used in automated essay scoring (AES) to improve instructional evaluation. Although essay evaluations--a useful instrument for evaluating higher-order cognitive abilities--have always depended on human raters, concerns regarding rater bias,…

The release of a free generative artificial intelligence (GAI), ChatGPT, in November 2022 has opened up numerous opportunities for students with disabilities in higher education. While the transformative impact of GAI on teaching and learning in general is being debated intensively, little attention has been given to its potential for fostering or…

Methodological advancements for the study of learning processes are both shaped by and drivers of technology developments. Interaction Analysis (IA), as a core methodological approach over the past three decades is reflective of this relationship and can be understood by examining moves from analogue video tapes, to digital media, computational…

Digital technologies allow student self-assessment to be adaptive, scalable and multimodal. Despite such technological advances, digital self-assessment practices have largely reinforced the existing norms around student roles, leaving the fundamentals of self-assessment design untouched. Digital self-assessment has centred on learning outcomes…

Predicting academic performance in Educational Data Mining has been a significant research area. This involves utilizing machine learning techniques to analyze data from educational settings. Predicting student academic performance is a complex task due to the influence of multiple factors. This research uses supervised machine-learning approaches…

Recently, there has been a plethora of studies about students' attitudes toward the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in education, particularly in higher education and language education; however, research on AI use in high school settings has gained relatively little attention, leaving a huge research gap in the literature. This…

In this study, the aim is to elucidate the relationship between digital technologies and the concept of leisure time. Digital leisure time can be defined as the time spent by individuals using digital tools and platforms for entertainment, recreation, acquiring knowledge, communication, socialization, and escaping from a negative mood state during…

Scholars and practitioners seldom consider pedagogy as a starting point in their appreciations of the role of leadership in education. However, the rise of invisible pedagogies may warrant a revaluation of this practice. Invisible pedagogies are enabled by cloud-based learning management platforms and their data-driven algorithms and protocols,…

This article proposes a critical typology of five emerging responses to artificial intelligence (AI) in language education, from prohibition and hype to critical engagement, highlighting the assumptions, tensions, and possibilities each orientation embodies. This typology serves as a reflective tool to examine how educators and institutions are…

The purpose of this opinion piece is to explore the potential of ChatGPT as a virtual assistant for transnational educators in the context of Finnish education export. It examines the possibilities and limitations of utilising ChatGPT to support short-term teaching assignments abroad. Utilising Su and Yang's (2023) framework for using ChatGPT in…

Based on an analysis of 36 peer-reviewed publications from academic databases, including ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, this review article provides an in-depth examination of the current trends, challenges, and future implications of metaverse-based learning in education. To ascertain the quality and applicability of the papers…

Background/purpose: There are two types of knowledge in an organization, namely tacit and explicit knowledge. This research aims to test the effects of the enhancement techniques of both types of knowledge on the principal's digital leadership and school organization improvement, to find the relationship among the variables, and to find effective…

Explanatory processes are at the core of scientific investigation, legal reasoning, and education. However, effectively explaining complex or large amounts of information, such as that contained in a textbook or library, in an intuitive, user-centered way is still an open challenge. Indeed, different people may search for and request different…

In recent years, the pre-training of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the educational domain has garnered significant attention. However, a discernible gap exists in the application of these models to mathematics education. This study aims to bridge this gap by pre-training LLMs on authentic K-12 mathematical dialogue datasets. Our research is…

Computer Aided Detection (CAD) has been used to help readers find cancers in mammograms. Although these automated systems have been shown to help cancer detection when accurate, the presence of CAD also leads to an over-reliance effect where miss errors and false alarms increase when the CAD system fails. Previous research investigated CAD systems…