A report is given of the work of a group convened by the World Health Organization (WHO) to address the issues related to the development of Model Health Care Programs (MHCPs), and to apply the principles thus identified to the case of a specific health problem--low back pain. A discussion of the principles of the development of MHCPs includes…

The Lancastrian Monitorial System of Instruction was devised in the late eighteenth century by a teacher in England, Joseph Lancaster, who found it necessary to keep educational costs down in order to continue teaching poor people in the area. This system was organized so that one master teacher could instruct from 200 to 1,000 pupils at one time.…

This group of four papers considers the future of the cable television industry, and in particular, examines the impact of recent court and regulatory decisions in this field. The papers presented are: (1) "The First Amendment, Cable TV, and the Must-Carry Rule: Moving towards a Cost-Benefit Analysis" (John R. Woodbury, Federal Trade…

A discussion of higher education costs looks at two aspects of costs (the factors that influence them and the types of cost analysis) and synthesizes the results of a survey of state higher education officers (SHEEOs). A variety of factors influencing the number and type of resources available to a college are examined, including influences within…

Presented in question-and-answer format, the fact sheet provides educators with general information on photocopying and offset printing processes and offers specific tips for saving money on printing and reproduction. The first section addresses the use of photocopying, describes instances when photocopying is most economic, and discusses…

Previous economic models suggested that, due to the high channel capacity of cable technology and its capability of pricing television programs directly to the viewers, its diffusion would promote specialized "narrow appeal" programming designed to serve relatively small audience segments. While this has clearly occurred, these models do…

The MacArthur/Spencer special project on Illinois school finance is dedicated to the exploration of three central concepts in Illinois school finance: equity, adequacy, and efficiency. While most reports on the project have dealt directly with equity and adequacy, this report confronts the issue of efficiency by discussing the policy and legal…

A discussion is presented on how athletic administrators can develop a global athletic promotional plan for the purpose of raising funds for their programs. Such a plan should be established through a meaningful, realistic, and accurate assessment or evaluation process which identifies the needs and limitations as well as the attributes or…

This report contains 121 tables that estimate the costs of production of various commodities on United States farms in 1986. The report first assesses costs and returns on a per-unit basis, such as one acre or one animal, under three sections of a budget: cash receipts, cash expenses, and economic costs. The budgets are based on national…

In this overview of employer-supported day care in Canada, several issues are discussed in English and French. Topics include: (1) development of employer-supported day care (ESDC) in Canada; (2) benefits of ESDC; (3) types of ESDC; (4) types of employers and reasons for establishing or supporting child care programs; (5) users of ESDC programs;…

This document presents Congressman Claude Pepper's report on the Medicare Home Care Benefit. Section I traces the history of home health care in the United States. Section II offers statistics and general background information about older Americans and Medicare. The beginning of the Medicare home care benefit and its present operation are…

The design and implementation of the Food Stamp Program's Simplified Application Demonstration Project are analyzed. The project was developed to test strategies which could reduce administrative costs and errors in the Food Stamp Program. This evaluation report presents data in the following categories: (1) administrative cost savings; (2)…

In response to a request from the chairman of the Congressional Select Committee on Aging, the General Accounting Office (GAO) investigated the potential effects of legislative proposals to provide catastrophic coverage to Medicare beneficiaries on beneficiaries' out-of-pocket health care expenses. The GAO reviewed GAO and other reports to…

At the request of Senator John Heinz and Representative John Edward Porter, the General Accounting Office (GAO) assessed the nature of increases in the costs of medical malpractice insurance over the years, how various states have tried to deal with medical malpractice problems, and what federal and state actions may be warranted. This report…

By examining prenatal care opportunities and health resources for low-income families, this paper investigates both the extent to which available health care in Virginia emphasizes a preventive approach and the extent to which Virginia's medically needy children have access to medical care. Statistics indicate that, as compared with the country as…