Three experiments are described which relate to models of infant visual preferences and to the ways in which preferences can be modified or created by habituation. Results suggest that the Banks and Salapatek's contrast sensitivity model can be a powerful predictor of preferential looking in newborns and that preferences based on experience can be…

Investigates the effects of pronutrition television programing on kindergarteners' nutritional knowledge, food preferences, and eating habits. Children were exposed to ten 20-minute videotapes over a period of 10 class days. Results suggest that children learned the nutrition concepts presented but failed to change food preference or consumption.…

Results show that basic objects are shown to be the most inclusive categories for which a concrete image of the category as a whole can be formed, to be the first categorizations made during perception of the environment and to be the categories most codable, most coded, and most necessary in language. (Author/DEP)

Author investigated the uses of the arts in personal life and professional practice and offered the viewpoints of Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus, and Freud as part of his argument. (Author/RK)

Infants of one, two and three months of age were presented with two checkerboard patterns, one stationary and the other moving in a horizontal oscillatory motion at one of eight rates. Results showed reliable differences in ocular behavior as a function of rate stimulus motion for all three groups of infants. (MS)

Examines the hypothesis that the identification of a briefly presented visual target is impeded by a patterned mask that immediately precedes and/or follows it. (Author/RK)

Measures the phenomenal and the functional durations of visual stimuli differing in informational value. (Author/RK)

It has been shown that previously presented material, if auditory, is remembered better than visual. The present study investigated the role of modalities in a foreign language context, hypothesizing that visual modality is superior to that of an auditory one with regard to a text-based recognition test. Thirty-six intermediate male EFL students…

Expectancy, relaxation, and hierarchy content were manipulated. Findings did not support the hypothesis that expectancy was the only factor in desensitization, but did clarify the role of expectancy vis-a-vis the counterconditioning elements typically discussed in the literature. (Author)

The present experiment was designed to distinquish between verbal and nonverbal encoding of sequentially presented spatial information. (Author)

The present experiments have served to reduce the distinction between the clustering of items from a categorized list and the subjective organization of items from an unrelated list. (Author)

Nine-year-old students were given one presentation of a list of nouns and then performed both recall and recognition tasks. Visual presentation facilitated recall. (ST)

The present study was concerned with current theories of the coding of visual information and with the conditions under which this information processing differs for deaf and hearing subjects. (Author/RK)

The approach of the present experiment is a developmental one in that it attempts to relate the preferences of children for certain selected stimuli, letters and letter-like shapes, to their age and experience. (Author)

The purpose of the present experiment was to examine questions on information specification raised by P. R. Laughlin. Ss were asked to solve one attribute-identification problem, using the selection paradigm. (Author/RK)