We apply a motivational perspective to understand the implications of physicians' longitudinal assessment. We review the literature on situated expectancy-value theory, achievement goals, mindsets, anxiety, and stereotype threat in relation to testing and assessment. This review suggests several motivational benefits of testing as well as some…

Postsecondary education (PSE) is more than just a learning opportunity for people with intellectual disability--it's an effective pathway to competitive employment and financial independence. Research shows PSE leads to higher employment rates and increased wages for people with intellectual disability, and long-term cost savings for supporting…

For decades, most states have made a practice of giving citizens returning from prison or jail a small amount of money, called "gate money," to cover the cost of transportation and other immediate needs. Many legislatures have considered increasing the dollar amount of their cash assistance and offering this kind of support more widely.…

Animal welfare is increasingly understood to be a key component of sustainable agricultural production. Southeast Asia and India are witnessing an emerging market for cage-free egg production. To evaluate the economic sustainability of cage-free policies in the region, it is critical to understand how this transition will affect farmers' costs and…

This study seeks an understanding of the opportunities and challenges involved in providing home based early intervention services for children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia (SA), from the perspective of early intervention specialists. A qualitative approach was implemented involving semi-structured interviews with eight (8) participants who…

The expansion of school "choice" (i.e., voucher) programs, which provide taxpayer-financed subsidies for families enrolling students in private schools, has prompted a debate about their fiscal impact. A recent EdChoice report argues that these subsidies of private school costs save taxpayers money when--as is typically the case--the…

College promise programs, also known as free college initiatives, have the potential to address structural barriers to college access and enrollment in terms of financial, academic, and informational. The current literature indicates that these programs generally increase educational outcomes, but no prior studies have explored the overhead costs…

Background: Despite being a useful and ubiquitous teaching and learning tool (Clinton & Khan, 2019), the cost of textbooks poses a significant barrier for many community college students (Jenkins et al., 2020). In 2022-23, tuition and fees at public two-year institutions averaged $3,860, while books and supplies averaged $1,460 (Ma &…

A central question in educational research is how classroom climate variables, such as teaching quality, goal structures, or interpersonal teacher behavior, are related to critical student outcomes, such as students' achievement and motivation. Student ratings are frequently used to measure classroom climate. When using student ratings to assess…

The economic evaluation of educational policies and programs employing the ingredients method for cost, cost-effectiveness, or benefit-cost analysis is no exception to the critique that economic models require an untenable number of assumptions. Educational economists must make assumptions due to two sources of uncertainty: model uncertainty, as…

We investigate operating costs at 682 public community colleges in the United States over a 15-year period (2004-2018). The results reveal that costs are spatially correlated across neighboring institutions, indicating the need for a spatial analysis. An institution's actions are associated with changes in costs for that particular institution…

Higher education administrators face challenges related to declining net tuition revenues. Net tuition revenues are sustaining decreases related to tuition discounting and declining enrollments. College and university leaders were interviewed in this qualitative study to determine why it is challenging to reverse narrowing net tuition revenues and…

The movement of air into and out of the lungs is facilitated by changes in pressure within the thoracic cavity relative to atmospheric pressure, as well as the resistance encountered by airways. In this process, the movement of air into and out of the lungs is driven by pressure gradients established by changes in lung volume and intra-alveolar…

Conducting high-quality overviews of reviews (OoR) is time-consuming. Because the quality of systematic reviews (SRs) varies, it is necessary to critically appraise SRs when conducting an OoR. A well-established appraisal tool is A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2, which takes about 15-32 min per application. To save time,…

In an era of unparalleled disruption and low teacher satisfaction, residency programs offer a critical opportunity to reimagine what's possible for our nation's teachers. These programs have been shown to help districts fill hard-to-staff subject areas, boost teacher retention rates, and nurture more diverse pipelines of educators. And when new…