The cost of education to a country consists of total public education expenditures, total direct private cost, and total indirect private cost measured in terms of foregone earnings; improperly estimated educational costs focus only on government education expenditures. Considerable progress has been made in conceptual understanding of educational…

The telecommunications sector is characterized by massive structural changes due to changes in technology as well as in the regulatory environment. Research and development activities become more and more important for the development of the industry as they determine the competitive position of firms and nations to a large extent. Both the…

The "art" of investment and the relationships between the cash manager and the outside professionals who implement the steps that entail cash management are the subjects of the 11 chapters of this guide to investing school district funds. Chapter 1 describes the role and responsibility of the small school district cash manager. Chapter 2 discusses…

This handbook is a "how to do it" set of definitions, instruments, and procedures based on program effectiveness and related costs (PERC) evaluation at Empire State College (Saratoga Springs, New York) and four other cooperating institutions. The handbook focuses first on program effectiveness and then considers program costs. It…

Presented in this document are two papers by the same author which deal with various aspects of the role of vocational-technical teachers as change agents. The first paper focuses on the cost-effectiveness of investments to train teachers to help students evaluate their environment critically from the standpoint of determining the changes that are…

This chapter of "Principles of School Business Management" discusses the effective management of purchasing processes in a school district. These processes include obtaining materials, supplies, and equipment of maximum value for the least expense, and receiving, storing, and distributing the items obtained. The chapter opens with an overview of…

The conditions for effective and efficient provision of distance education in the small-scale integrated mode normal in Australian higher education are outlined in this paper. Criteria for the evaluation of effective distance education are listed as follows: (1) student learning of information and understanding; (2) student satisfaction with the…

The findings from a series of case studies of nine successful demonstration programs are summarized. The programs, funded by the Appalachian Regional Commission, included child development, vocational education, technology, economic development, and housing. The primary purpose of the case studies was to discover what makes programs successful. A…

With Swedish help, industrial education courses in wood technology, wood technology/metal technology, and power mechanics/electrical technology have been introduced into 35 Kenyan government-maintained secondary schools. The programs received Swedish assistance from 1969 to 1981. An evaluation has revealed that the aims and objectives of the…

This paper summarizes the National Long-Term Care Channeling Demonstration Program, a project designed to test the feasibility and cost effectiveness of an alternative community-based long-term care service delivery concept for the frail elderly which integrated health and social services. Program management and early federal planning efforts are…

This paper offers pragmatic guidance for designing effective distance education courses, including the need for designers to be aware of their educational aims, and the selection of different media and methods for effective learning. Discussion of a brief taxonomy of types of learning--knowledge, skills, understanding, and attitudes--is followed…

Designed to demonstrate that the ERIC (Educational Resources Information Center) database is a useful source of information for educational practitioners at all levels, this digest provides an introduction to the ERIC system and describes the National Education Practice File Project (NEPF). This 2-year project was designed to find out from…

Technological advances in microcomputer hardware and software, including size of memory and increasingly more sophisticated statistical application packages, create a new era in educational research. The alternative to costly main-frame computer data processing and statistical analysis is explored in this paper. In the first section, typical…

In this paper, by an educator who is also the parent of a son with mental retardation, the urgent needs of families whose children have chronic medical needs in addition to disabilities are discussed. One family's efforts to maintain their severely retarded and disabled son at home are described as an illustration not only of the unsurpassed…

The behavior of approximately 50 employees learning to use a Los Alamos National Laboratory personnel information system with fixed-format and context-sensitive online help was monitored between October of 1984 and June of 1985. Data was gathered through direct observation during training workshops and during actual use, logging of consulting…