Examined reversal of emergent simple discriminations through stimulus contiguity. In experiment one, Baseline and Reversal phases were positive for most children. Experiments two through four examined protocol aspects that possibly contributed to successful reversal of the form discrimination; found that reversed discrimination usually was a…

Newborns were habituated to white squares of varying size and luminance and retested with colored squares for recovery of habituation. Newborns could discriminate yellow-green from white in large squares, but not in small squares. They could not discriminate blue, blue-green, or purple from white. Results suggest newborns have little…

Describes a convenient method of displaying color effects (colors of the blue sky, white clouds, and red sunsets) of Rayleigh and Mie scattering. (ZWH)

Four experiments tested three to six year olds' and adults' understanding of animals' growth changes. All subjects understood that animals get larger with age. Older children and adults, but not younger children, allowed for dramatic changes in the size and shape of animals over the animals' lifespans. (BC)

Tested the ability of 3.5-month-old infants to detect audiovisual relations. Results demonstrated infants' visual recovery to changes in temporal synchrony of sight and sound and in composition of objects. Infants did not demonstrate visual recovery to changes in the relationship between pitch and color or shape. (BC)

Discusses design principles and procedures that can help librarians use desktop publishing systems to create more effective handouts for bibliographic instruction. Topics addressed include a history of book production; design decisions, including layout, typeface, and color; and suggested readings on designing printed materials. (four references)…

Examined the effect of linguistic contrast in children's learning of color names. A novel color term for a stimulus color that was contrasted with a child's label helped five-year olds learn the new term. When the contrast was presented more than once, three- and four-year olds performed much like the five-year olds. (BC)

Explains why silver, which has the same external electronic configuration as copper and gold, does not appear yellow: white light reflects on most metals without color absorption or change to the naked eye; however, copper and gold appear yellow because they absorb "blue" and "red" photons during electron transitions between…

Teachers and students can use color to identify different types of writing. This article describes using color to highlight annotations, identity, topic sentences, thoughts and emotions, logical arguments, advertising and selling, showing and telling, and looking and seeing. Includes sample assignments for identifying emotional content, topic…

Notes that suggestions have been made in the media that tinted lenses may provide a "cure" for developmental dyslexia, and considers how there have been many anecdotal accounts of improvements in reading following their use. Provides an overview of the research into the use of tinted lenses for the amelioration of reading difficulties. (SG)

Discusses the use of icons in computer interface design. Highlights include picture processing time, complexity, recognition memory, differences between picture icons and picture/text icons, the use of color, size, placement, and touch design. (LRW)

Compares the results of four studies made under the auspices of the Science Teacher Training in an Information Society (STTIS) project researching the difficulties students have in reading images. The studies are compared under such categories as pre-eminence of narrative readings, real-world versus symbolic elements, verbal elements, and…

Reviews research on how people use mental models of images in information retrieval. Discusses cognitive and social processes that give rise the visual models shaped by indexers and searchers. Examines the representation of objects and shapes in visual mental models and how both content-based and concept-based indexes capture aspects of these…

Discussion of the use of color for enhancing recognition memory focuses on a study of undergraduates that evaluated images as black and white, full color, or highlight color and the effect these characteristics had on recognition memory and recall for learners classified as field-dependent and field-independent in terms of cognitive style. (LRW)

Presents a collection of science activities that have elementary students investigate how color can trick the eye and the brain. The activities involve working with contrasting colors, creating a rainbow, and exploring the connection between colors and words. An instructor reproducible features two color activities. (SM)