This study examined learner preference for different typefaces and vertical spacing or leading in print materials used in independent study university extension courses. For several years, these materials were produced using 12-point Times font on the default leading provided by Microsoft Word 3.0 (approximately 12-point line). A questionnaire…

This research study evaluated the effects of memory demand on sustained attention, by varying the time interval between the presentations of stimuli in a cognitive vigilance task. Sixteen retarded and 16 nonretarded adult observers performed four 60-minute visual vigilance tasks in which single digits were presented sequentially and successively…

Understanding vision is not a simple task. Nevertheless, a great deal is known about vision, more than about any of our other senses. The articles collected in this volume were chosen and organized with the intention of providing a survey of a number of different areas of vision research. Three major sections focus on the general categories of…

Research in visual communication suggests that relatively complex graphics stimulate viewer interest, while relatively simple graphics facilitate learning. A study was conducted to determine whether the graphics in two science publications ("Scientific American" and "Sciences 81") would be tailored to the ways in which their…

The relationship between affective responsiveness, synchrony of mother/infant interaction, and developmental status was examined in 32 normal infants (eight infants each at the ages of 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks). Data were collected in infants' homes and included (1) naturalistic mother/infant play; (2) presentation of auditory, tactile, visual, and…

A survey of a range of introductory university level textbooks in the social sciences found little use of network diagrams (NDs), i.e., graphic representations of processes, organizations, systems, and mechanisms. NDs can be viewed as a text/picture hybrid medium with titles and captions serving to qualify and identify the meaning and status of…

Children, ages 3 to 10 were asked to rank random polygons, which differed in complexity according to interestingness and pleasingness. Complexity preferences varied with age. (ST)

Subjects in grades 2, 6, and college were asked to sort 50 pictures according to several class labels, each with a functional equivalent. (ST)

A paired-associate task relational or non-relational visual and linguistic stimuli was presented to kindergarten and fifth-grade students. Results indicated that a relationship in both modes facilitated recall better than a relationship in only one mode, and that a relationship in either mode was better for recall than none at all. (DP)

One hundred and sixty subjects ages 7, 9, 11 and 21 years judged the standard Brentano form and a dot form of the illusion of 5 trials at 30 second intervals. (LLK)

In an attempt to assess the effect of the general experimental situation on subjects in research on human sexuality, the present study addresses itself to systematically investigating the effect of the experimenter in experimentally induced reactions to sexually explicit stimuli. (Author/RK)

Examines the performance of third grade children, given no feedback as to the correctness of their hypotheses, on color, number, and size dominant conjunctive concept problems. (Author/DEP)