Research indicates that those who undergo treatment for alcohol and other drug abuse largely have poor work histories and low employment rates, regardless of their education. Relapse rates for individuals in recovery increase when unemployment remains a constant in their lives. Consequently, providing vocational services during treatment may be a…

An innovative employment counseling model, Customized Employment Supports, was developed for methadone-treatment patients, a population with historically low employment rates. The effectiveness of a key component of the model, "vocational fieldwork," the delivery of services in the community rather than only within the clinic, was assessed through…

The Latino workforce is increasingly critical to the vitality of the U.S. economy. Despite the importance of Latinos in the labor market, their economic contributions are limited by significant disadvantages. This research report provides an overview of Latino workers in the United States at mid-decade. We provide background information on labor…

The authors examined the relationship between an individual's human capital profile--knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics--and compensation before and after a job loss. The results of this study show that the types of human capital that predicted pre-job-loss salary differ from the types that predict reemployment salary. The…

This article offers a critical review and evaluation of the statutory environment in which recruitment agencies and businesses ply their trade in the United Kingdom (UK), with specific reference to the employment of overseas teachers. It focuses especially on teachers recruited from the Commonwealth over the period 1999-2005, a significant time…

In October 1999, the British government enacted the Working Families' Tax Credit, which aimed at encouraging work among low-income families with children. This paper uses panel data collected between 1991 and 2001 to evaluate the effect of this reform on single mothers. We find that the reform led to a substantial increase in their employment rate…

In France, career paths are negotiated not just on the industry level but also within companies. Since the passage in 1982 of the Auroux Laws, which require companies to undertake annual negotiations regarding real wages, real working hours, and the organization of work time, there has been a trend toward creation of individualized career paths.…

To estimate the magnitude and temporal pattern of displaced workers' earning losses, a study used an unusual administrative data set that included employees' quarterly earnings histories and information about their firms. It created a longitudinal earnings file for a 5 percent sample of the Pennsylvania wage and salary work force. These data had…

Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NYSY) for 1979-92, an empirical analysis documented and characterized early labor market experiences of men and women in the U.S. economy. It explored the evolution of these labor market experiences over the first 5 years in the labor market and studied the relationships between them and adult labor…

This report uses data from the National Health Interview Survey (n=1,792 million) to describe trends in labor force participation among persons with disabilities for the period 1983 through 1994. It examines labor force participation among persons with disabilities compared to participation among persons without disabilities, how people with…

A survey of 229 students in grades 10-12 at a rural consolidated high school in Tennessee sought to determine employment patterns among rural students and the impact of that employment on students' academic and personal lives. Findings indicate that employment of rural youth was an accepted part of the teen culture; student employment increased at…

Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics 1993 survey of colleges and universities, this report reviews the frequency of part-time employment in higher education in the context of concerns about the culture of the institution and important finance issues. Part-time workers receive a lower pay rate than full-time employees, and…

This data brief provides statistical data about the population of scientists and engineers in the United States with doctorates from United States institutions. The report contains data related to the unemployment of scientists and engineers, employment and gender, employment and racial/ethnic identity, and employment in various sectors. The four…

Data collected by the March Current Population Survey were used to identify which groups of year-round, full-time civilian workers aged 16 and older were most likely to be at the top and bottom of the earnings ladder. Women, young workers, less-educated individuals, and Hispanics were most likely to earn less than $13,091 (1992 constant dollars),…

In fall 1988, 45% of the curriculum faculty teaching in the North Carolina Community College System (NCCCS) were employed full-time, and 55% were employed part-time. By 1992, there had been a 14.8% increase in the number of curriculum faculty, but no change in the proportions of full- and part-time curriculum faculty. At 45%, the proportion of…