As a part of its ongoing mission, the President's Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC) has completed an initial review of the Information Technology for the 21st Century (IT[squared]) initiative and its implementation plan put forward by the participating federal agencies. This letter conveys the initial conclusions of that review.…

This paper provides some of the historical context of the efforts of the American Library Association (ALA) to define, extend, protect and advocate for equity of access, focusing on central tendencies rather than internal debate. The first section, "Toward the Concept of Access," discusses: how ALA became a public service organization; extension…

This report presents the results of a survey conducted by EURYDICE of 30 countries (i.e., the 15 European Union [EU] member states, the 3 European Free Trade Association/European Economic Area countries, and the 12 pre-accession countries) that reviewed progress in incorporating information and communication technology (ICT) into national…

The Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) undertook a study of the use of technology and digitization activities in libraries and museums nationwide. This report first presents key cumulative findings of the survey that measured technology use and digitization activities by museums and libraries. It then presents a series of tables and…

This report explains that 2000-01 was the eighth year in which the Centre for Language and Communication Studies (CLCS) at the University of Dublin's Trinity College offered extracurricular foreign language modules to students who were not studying a foreign language as part of their degree course. The modules are intended to develop students'…

Information technologies (IT) continue to grow in importance for independent colleges and universities. Increasingly, students assume a digital world, from online application and registration, to course materials, to communicating with classmates and professors. To stay competitive for students as well as to enhance instructional and…

The engineering profession still is a male domain. Many attempts to change this isolation and to call women into the profession failed. Neither the study conditions nor the social recognition were experienced as adequate for women. The focus on the development of deeper understanding, explicit connectedness, comprehension and social concern are…

This article will primarily allow a definition of the strategic development of ICT in the Democratic Republic of Congo, to be put forward. For the most part it involves the precision of many types of measures and strategies (such as institutional, regulatory, infrastructural measures), human resources, the development of content and partnerships,…

Parents are their children's first and most influential teachers. That's an important job--and this popular, highly respected guidebook makes it much easier. Already a trusted resource for thousands of families, this lively book gives parents of children from age 3 through young adulthood proven strategies for teaching children the life skills…

Providers of online information with a high visual content face an uncompromising dilemma--how to achieve fast delivery while maintaining good picture quality. As storage space or bandwidth increases, the demands placed on it by the user are always two steps ahead. Since limited bandwidth for communicating images looks like it may remain a problem…

Charles Tiebout's Pure Theory of Local Expenditures serves as a helpful framework in examining the emergence of the learning society, communications technologies, freer trade, and the effects these will have on the educational infrastructure. Tiebout argued that the failure of market-type systems of public good at the central government level does…

Speech recognition is one of five main areas in the field of speech processing. Difficulties in speech recognition include variability in sound within and across speakers, in channel, in background noise, and of speech production. Speech recognition can be used in a variety of situations: to perform query operations and phone call transfers; for…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the World Wide Web is being used by hospitals to facilitate the transfer of information to the public. One hundred ninety-one hospitals chosen from "Profiles of U.S. Hospitals" were selected for a web site survey. Each member of the sample was searched on the World Wide Web in an attempt…

Instructional designers need to be able to understand and apply virtual reality to enrich learners' experiences. This paper examines the nature of virtual reality, how it applies to education, and rationales for using virtual reality in the classroom. The following instructional design guidelines for helping instructional designers to create a new…

The problem of preserving digital information and the strategies that are and might be employed to address it are the focus of this fifth issue of "Transforming Libraries." Twenty-one individuals involved at the technical or policy level in developing strategies for preserving digital information were interviewed. There is consensus on a…