THIS REPORT BRIEFLY REVIEWS TRENDS IN 20TH-CENTURY RESEARCH ON EDUCATING DISADVANTAGED AND MINORITY GROUP PUPILS. MANY STUDIES WRITTEN IN THE 1920'S AND 1930'S INDICATED THAT NEGROES WERE LESS INTELLIGENT THAN CAUCASIANS, AND THUS TEACHERS DEMANDED LITTLE OF THEIR MINORITY GROUP PUPILS. SINCE THAT TIME RESEARCH STUDIES HAVE EMPHASIZED THE…

A research project carried out by the Southwestern Cooperative Educational Laboratory attempted to define and describe characteristic learning styles and related environmental factors of children of 2 minority groups in the Southwest. Students of Spanish American and Indian descent were subjected to specific tests, and comparative analyses were…

A 1967 conference on the nonlearner focussed on an examination of broad, major issues in contemporary American education. Among the facets discussed at the conference and briefly summarized here are educational goals and social change, the responsibilities of the schools, and controversies about the educational strategies. Also noted is the…

Two introductory passages, one regular passage, and one experimental advance organizer passage developed to facilitate initial learning were assigned to normal and retarded children. The subjects were 184 normal 8-year-olds (controls' mean IQ 118.00, organizers' 118.80) and 184 educable mentally retarded 15-year-olds (EMR controls' mean IQ 74.85,…

The article discusses the history, role, and use of teaching machines and how they can be employed effectively in foreign language instruction. The selection of programed materials, prior study preparations, and the expected conditioned verbal responses arising from machine use are briefly discussed. The advantages of teaching machines are seen as…

Approximately 60 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children were administered a language test constructed to determine theirlanguage usage levels and limitations. Half of the children were classified as Head Start and half as middle class. The language test involved the presentation of strings of three to seven phonemes organized on five levels of…

A computer-based instructional (CBI) system was developed following a conceptualization of the teaching-learning process and was used to conduct research relating to an idiographic model of tutorial instruction and to investigate basic variables in learning and transfer. To adapt teaching modes to individual learners, the CBI system (acronym:…

Public school adult educators, training directors in business and industry, and other group leaders in civic and professional organizations assembled this collection of techniques used by teachers and adults. Among topics discussed are planning an adult education course, grouping adult students, applying creativity to teaching, and preventing…

This paper discusses a series of interdependent projects designed to further define the covert processes involved in utilizing cognitive skills, as well as the procedures necessary to train an individual in their use. In an early project designed to ascertain the types of strategies used by learners in an academic or training environment,…

This paper discusses the meaning of the term "lexical simplification" in the context of second language acquisition. It is suggested that simplification be viewed as a universal feature of language use which may be manifested in a number of linguistic contexts, including the creation of a learner's interlanguage. It is further suggested…

This study investigated the effect of singing within the elementary school music classroom on (1) students' preference for one of two performances of the same song and (2) students' ideas of "correct" performance. Seventy-five third and fourth graders were concurrently involved in separate experimental groups. One group was taught to sing…

Summarizing the final phase of a two-year project that examined the processes by which children initially approach the reading task, this report presents both general and individual findings derived from the analyses of the children's performance over the course of a year. The first section discusses the following general topics related to the…

The workbook is a training tool designed to make the concept of program planning and budgeting available to small social agencies in a simplified and practical form. It begins with a glossary and an explanation of the Annual Program Budgeting Cycle, the basis for the process described. The first four chapters contain summarized material,…

In order to examine the nature of dimensional processing in children, 20 kindergarten and 20 third grade Chinese-American children were asked to make similarity judgments for unidimensional sets of stimuli differing in color (hue), size, and shape, respectively. Age differences were generally confined to the color set. The judgments of the older…

This paper explores the concept of metamemory, generally defined as the individual's knowledge of and awareness of memory. The concept of metamemory is compared to three other categories of memory and a model of what the growing child could conceivably acquire in the domain of metamemory is presented. Brief reviews of existing research relations…