The article reviews various therapies for hyperactivity including pharmacological and behavioral therapies. The heterogeneous nature of this population suggests that punishment procedures used as part of a behavioral management intervention may be effective in establishing responsible behavior and warrant more research. (Author/DB)

Demonstrated effectiveness of computer-delivered smoking cessation program for worksite. Veterans Administration Medical Center employees (N=58) were assigned to computer group or contest-only group. Computer group showed nonsignificantly higher abstinence rates across follow-up, had marginally lower carbon monoxide levels at 3- and 6- month…

Tests the perceived effectiveness of different messages responding to sexual harassment in the organizational environment. Finds that none of the messages were perceived as being particularly effective at stopping the harasser's offensive conduct. (MM)

This article provides an historical perspective within which two recent, alternative directions for health education are examined. The first focuses primarily on personal bahavior change and the latter on a broad empowerment/environmental model of health promotion. (Author)

Followed 153 smokers who attempted to quit smoking without treatment. Nineteen percent were abstinent at two-year follow-up. Use of multiple strategies was associated with two-year abstinence. Variables associated with short-term cessation were generally unrelated to long-term outcome, although strong motivation to quit was important for both…

Reviews the efficacy of maintenance enhancement procedures to prevent relapse in smoking cessation, weight control, and exercise programs. Presents models of maintenance enhancement, reviews studies that have used relapse prevention strategies, and discusses ways of incorporating relapse prevention techniques into health promotion programs.…

Needle sharing by intravenous drug users has been a means of transmission of acquired immune deficiency syndrome virus. Educational efforts have been directed at reduction of needle sharing, and some cities have supplied free needles. While transmission of human immunodeficiency virus through intravenous drug use remains significant problem, there…

Use of the psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) to treat selected symptoms of autistic disorder was evaluated with 10 children, ages 7 to 11. The double-blind crossover study using a placebo and two MPH doses found modest but statistically significant improvement on hyperactivity in subjects receiving the MPH rather than the placebo. No…

Studies of the Arthritis Self-Management Program conclude that (1) it improves patient behaviors and self-efficacy; (2) formal reinforcement does not improve long-term outcomes; (3) improvement gains have both clinical and cost-saving effects; and (4) changes in health status are more closely linked to self-efficacy than to behavior. (SK)

Examined behavioral changes subsequent to participation in community-based juvenile delinquency prevention program. Surveyed parents (or parent-surrogates) of 18 juvenile clients. Improved school achievement was reported by 77.8% of parents; 72.2% saw increase in children's interest in school. Other areas perceived as improved included willingness…

Because traditional leadership discourages creativity and initiative, an alternative model is needed for transforming organizational culture. Key elements are formulating an inspiring vision, determining crucial interventions, developing close friendships with managers, building a network, and seeking support. (SK)

An intensive intervention group (n=247) of 9-11 year olds were exposed to SKIN SAFE, a curriculum about sun protection. A standard group (n=180) received a lecture about skin cancer; control group numbered 185. The intensive group were significantly more likely to use high levels of protection; no differences were apparent between the standard and…

Assigned moderately to heavily drinking male college students to either expectancy challenge, traditional information, or assessment-only conditions. Expectancy challenge produced significant drinking decreases compared with other groups. Decreases in measured expectancies paralleled drinking decreases in challenge condition. Findings support…

Focuses on frequent external consultation driven by complaints of school teachers and administrators. Contends that research agenda for consultation should focus on relations between teacher complaining, consultation, subsequent intervention, and behavior change relevant to complaints and intervention. Considers whether consultation and problem…

This study evaluated the use of intraveneous gamma globulin (IVIG) in six monthly injections with seven children (ages 3 to 6 years) with autism. The study found that IVIG did not result in statistically significant changes on any of the behavioral measures used. (DB)