This article reviews general classes of variables which help to maintain aberrant behavior including attention seeking, sensory and perceptual consequences, and access to materials or activities. Suggestions for a methodology providing a comprehensive functional analysis are offered which include descriptive analysis, hypothesis forming,…

Discussed are the determinants of environmentally responsible behavior, the attitude-behavior discrepancy problem, how environmental attitudes are formed and changed, and the effects of individual differences on appropriateness of educational techniques. (CW)

Four adults with severe/profound mental retardation and self-injurious behavior (SIB) received naltrexone in a double-blind procedure. All patients exhibited decreased SIB when treated with naltrexone; three patients decreased SIB as naltrexone dose increased. There were no consistent effects of naltrexone on stereotypy, activity, or performance…

The diets of three individuals with profound mental retardation and histories of coprophagia (ingestion of feces) were supplemented with a nutritionally complete elemental diet called Vivonex, resulting in decreases in the frequency of coprophagia in all three cases. (DB)

Examined effects of self-management procedure on off-task behavior and academic work of eight male mildly handicapped students. Results suggest that self-management reduced off-task behaviors and increased quality and quantity of academic work in special education classroom, and that peer mediated variant of procedure facilitated generality of…

Counseling that involves the entire family has the potential to motivate children with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), improve the children's self-concept, and help them improve social skills or functioning. Probable causes, family patterns, effects of ADD on family interactions, counseling issues, and a multidimensional treatment approach are…

The case of a group of women who financed and purchased a vacation house is used to explore numeracy practices, self-concept, and feelings about money management. Gendered practices in their family backgrounds were more influential than school math instruction in their financial management as adults. (SK)

Before and after implementation of a program in which physicians counseled patients about smoking, 22 physicians were surveyed and patient records reviewed. Although the program spurred more doctors to give patients self-help materials, no significant reduction of smoking occurred. (SK)

Article examines the effects of self-modeling from repeated observations of oneself on edited videotapes as an intervention for stuttering in three adolescent students. After viewing intervention tapes, students' stuttering fell substantially below baseline levels. A two-year follow-up indicated that Student 3 did not stutter in conversational…

The role of differing epistemologies in the controversy surrounding behavioral consultation is reviewed; substantial areas of agreement are found. Differing epistemological standards applied to verbal reports, and the use of broad theoretical versus specific operational definitions have both contributed to the controversy. Shared concerns may be…

States health campaign messages designed to encourage behavior adaptation have greater likelihood of success than campaigns promoting avoidance of at-risk behaviors that cannot be avoided. Tests a model of health risk behavior using four different behaviors in a communication campaign aimed at reducing farmers' risk for skin cancer--questions…

Middle aged and older women (n=14) attended a seminar on reducing saturated fat and cholesterol intake. Their 4-month follow-up reflections showed they adopted an average of 14.5 of 34 dietary practices. Those with higher adoption scores tended to be older and had less education and lower income. (SK)

Evaluation of multidisciplinary team teaching about ongoing bereavement in an eldercare unit found that participants appreciated opportunities to discuss their experiences. Practice changes were observed in listening and receiving suggestions, although no changes were made in the way they worked with residents. (Contains 26 references.) (SK)

Discusses the perceived lack of readiness among sorority and fraternity members to reduce their drinking. Reports on a survey of 106 at-risk Greek students in which 25% report moving into stages that involve thinking about change or action to reduce their alcohol consumption. Proposes that research should assess the extent to which high-risk…

Twenty children with autism received either an imitative or contingently responsive interaction with an adult. The contingency condition appeared to be the more effective way to facilitate a distal social behavior (attention), whereas the imitative condition was a more effective way to facilitate a proximal social behavior (touching). (Contains…