ARABIC, AS IT IS USED IN EVERYDAY CONVERSATION BY EDUCATED CITY-DWELLING SYRIANS, AND MOST PARTICULARLY BY NATIVES OF DAMASCUS, IS DESCRIBED IN THIS BOOK. THIS REFERENCE GRAMMAR IS INTENDED, FIRST OF ALL, FOR STUDENTS WHO HAVE ALREADY ACQUIRED, OR ARE IN THE PROCESS OF ACQUIRING, AN ELEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE OF SYRIAN ARABIC, AND WHO WISH TO ENHANCE…

The Kurdish of this dictionary is the standard language of belles-lettres, journalism, official and private correspondence, and formal speech of the Southern-Kirmanji dialect of Sulaimani in Iraq. It is the language adopted in Persia for Kurdish broadcasts and government-sponsored publications. Borrowings from Northern Kirmanji, Mukri, Sanandaji,…

Discussion of automatic recognition of hand and machine-written cursive text using the Arabic alphabet focuses on an algorithm for word recognition. Describes results of testing words for recognition without segmentation and considers the algorithms' use for words of different fonts and for processing whole sentences. (Author/LRW)

A purely segmental or suprasegmental analysis of vowel harmony in Arabic is inadequate because it leaves some questions unanswered. An approach based primarily on the metrical structure of the utterance and addressing an independent structural category, the "foot" of the word, that phonological rules may refer to, is preferred,…

THE PASHTO WRITING SYSTEM IS BRIEFLY DESCRIBED HERE FOR SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH. THE PRINCIPAL LETTERS AND THEIR MODIFIED FORMS ARE PRESENTED AND THE PRINCIPLES OF JUNCTURE AND WORD DIVISION ARE TREATED. THE USE OF EACH SYMBOL IS ILLUSTRATED BY EXAMPLES IN PASHTO SCRIPT WITH PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTIONS AND ENGLISH GLOSSES. THE AUTHOR IDENTIFIES THOSE…

FOUR BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW ARTICLES ON ARABIC DIALECT STUDIES THAT HAD PREVIOUSLY APPEARED WERE CORRECTED AND UPDATED FOR PUBLICATION. THE PURPOSE OF THESE REVISED ARTICLES IS TO PROVIDE THE INTERESTED STUDENT WITH A CAREFULLY EVALUATED LIST OF ALL THE SIGNIFICANT SCHOLARLY WORK PUBLISHED ON ARABIC DIALECTS. THE AUTHORS OF THE ORIGINAL FOUR…

THIS READING COURSE IS INTENDED FOR STUDENTS WHO HAVE FINISHED AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE IN ARABIC. NEW MATERIAL IS INTRODUCED WITH PARALLEL ENGLISH TEXT, AND PATTERN DRILLS ARE USED IN THE EXERCISES. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE NOUN, THE VERB, THE HAMZA, AND CERTAIN PARTICLES ARE DESCRIBED, WITH EXAMPLES. (KL)

This article reviews the prose literary styles used in literary Arabic in the period following the Second World War, and attempts to explain the considerable relationship between these prose styles and the developments which characterize Arabic prose in terms of form and content in this period. The work is based on a study of 36 authors…

Original version of paper presented at the Third International Congress of Applied Linguistics, Copenhagen, Denmark, August 24, 1972. (RS)

Biography of Arab scholar and mathematician, Thabit ibn Qurra. Presents some original proofs of the Pythagorean theorem and his extension to a general triangle. (RS)

Refutes evidence that the plural system in Modern Standard Arabic is an archetype of a minority-default system with the affixational sound plural involving fewer nominal forms than the templatic broken plural. Points out that while both broken and sound plural are qualitatively productive in the sense of being subject to a number of constraints or…

This paper examines the basic properties of subject and object in Arabic and characterizes them through their grammatical manifestation in a relational network. The study also investigates the relational properties of subject and object with respect to other grammatical notions such as relativization, reflexivization, and passivization. Data for…

The axiomatic functionalist approach to linguistic analysis, in which, by definition, syntactic relationships are asymmetrical and morphological relationships are symmetrical, provides the framework for a discussion of the grammatical identity of the definite article "al" in Arabic as either morphemic or syntactic. Criteria for the…

A STUDY CONFERENCE WAS HELD IN SALT LAKE CITY IN 1963 ON THE TEACHING OF ARABIC AT THE SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL. THE DISCUSSION WAS CONCERNED PRIMARILY WITH THE FOLLOWING TOPICS--(1) ADEQUACY OF THE AVAILABLE KHOURY ARABIC MATERIALS, (2) THE MEANS OF PERFORMING ANY NECESSARY REVISION OF THE MATERIALS, (3) THE MEANS OF REPRODUCING THE TEXTS AND…