The formal-functional contrastive analysis approach is suggested as an alternative to both the structural and the transformational contrastive approaches. A theoretical explanation and a practical contrastive technique for the formal-functional approach are given. (CJ)

Linguistic borrowing from English to Jordanian Arabic at the lexical level is described, focusing on phonology and the extent to which Jordanian Arabic has affected the phonetic structure of English loans assimilated partially or completely into it. Conspicuous distinctive sound features in the two languages that may affect non-native speakers'…

This paper studies the variety of Arabic imperative sentences, which are seen as the result of an interrelated set of choices made from a limited number of binary systems, and analyzes their occurrence in different situations. Where possible, relevant features of Arabic imperative structures are compared with their nearest English equivalents. The…

This sourcebook contains fourteen parts. The first two parts give principal concepts and methods for benefiting from the book. The third part deals with ecosystems. It discusses environmental balance and man's role in the environment. The fourth part deals with sources of wealth in the environment. The next three parts cover soil, desert and…

THESE ELEVEN SELECTIONS, THE FIRST OF WHICH IS "THE NOVEL IN MODERN ARABIC LITERATURE," BY MUHAMMAD MANDUR, SERVE AS AN INTRODUCTION TO FORMAL ARABIC PROSE AND TO SOME OF THE "MORE IMPORTANT AND REPRESENTATIVE PRACTITIONERS OF THE ART OF NOVEL AND SHORT STORY WRITING." AT LEAST TWO YEARS OF COLLEGE-LEVEL TRAINING IN ARABIC ARE ASSUMED ON THE PART…

INTENDED FOR INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL STUDENTS, "PART 1" OF THIS SECOND VOLUME IN THE "CONTEMPORARY ARABIC READERS" SERIES PRESENTS A COLLECTION OF 20 ESSAYS WRITTEN BY OUTSTANDING ARAB LITERARY FIGURES. SUBJECTS RANGE FROM POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY IN THE ARAB WORLD TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND REFORMS IN AGRICULTURE AND THE WRITING SYSTEM. THE…

THIS TWO-PART VOLUME IS THE FINAL IN A SERIES OF INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL READERS--"VOLUME I-NEWSPAPER ARABIC,""VOLUME II-ARABIC ESSAYS,""VOLUME III-FORMAL ARABIC," AND "VOLUME IV-SHORT STORIES"--DESIGNED FOR USE AS A SERIES OR INDEPENDENTLY OF EACH OTHER. THE INTRODUCTION TO THIS BOOK ("POETRY, PART 1") OUTLINES TRENDS IN ARABIC POETRY, INCLUDING THE…

A TEXTBOOK IS PRESENTED FOR A SECOND-LEVEL COURSE IN THE ARABIC LANGUAGE. THE BOOK CONSISTS ENTIRELY OF EXERCISES FOR LEARNING TO UNDERSTAND AND WRITE ARABIC SCRIPT. (JH)

Because of the diversity of Arabic dialects (Lebanese, Iraqi, Syrian, Algerian, Moroccan, Libyan, Sudanese, Saudi Arabian, Palestinian, and Egyptian), and the fact that Arabic writing allows for a wide range of different pronunciations, the question faced by students is where to begin. It is instructive to consider how this problem is dealt with…

This book presents a tractable computational model that can cope with complex morphological operations, especially in Semitic languages, and less complex morphological systems present in Western languages. It outlines a new generalized regular rewrite rule system that uses multiple finite-state automata to cater to root-and-pattern morphology,…

Address delivered at the Society of Federal Linguistics, Washington, D.C., April 29, 1972. (VM)

Compares phonetic implementation of the stop-voicing contrast produced in Arabic by Saudi Arabians and by both Americans and Saudis in English. Saudis used temporal aspects of voicing in Arabic while speaking English. This caused few communication problems, with the exception of the phoneme (p), which has no Arabic counterpart. (Author/PJM)

Presents a series of rules to account for an underlying root (CVCVC) in irregular verbs in literary Arabic. These rules are not intended as a full description of the phenomenon but rather as a pedagogical tool. (Text is in French.) (AM)