The study reduced the disruptive behaviors of students in 2 elementary physical education classes, including an alternative education class containing 14 fourth and fifth grade boys with severe behavior problems. A modified time-out procedure was used to reduce frequency of disruptive behaviors by 95 percent. (Author/DB)

Teachers of students exhibiting behavioral deficits and excesses should focus on direct teaching of acceptable behavior, but this often does not occur because of teachers' feeling more comfortable teaching academic skills, paucity of curriculum materials, and such trends as minimum competency testing. Behavioral and cognitive approaches to…

Findings from 526 men who patronized gay bars revealed that perceived peer norms concerning acceptability of safer sex practices, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome health locus of control scores, risk behavior knowledge, age, and accuracy of personal risk estimation, but not personal human immunodeficiency virus serostatus knowledge, were…

Randomly assigned 60 fraternity pledges to behavioral self-management, alcohol education, self-monitoring of drinking behavior, or no-treatment control. Found no differences among treatment conditions on four self-reported dependent variables of drinking behavior. Found significant differences on self-report measures of alcohol consumption at…

Interviews with 127 women who had recently given birth ascertained three components of learning transaction types related to learning about weight gain and alcohol and tobacco use. Majority spent most of their time in other-initiated learning episodes one-to-one or with print/nonprint material. Learning transaction types were associated with…

Identifies how the number of practice and feedback sessions affects the development of select interpersonal communication skills. Finds that acquisition of interpersonal communication skills can be positively affected by the use of behavior modeling that includes video feedback, behavior rehearsal, or a combination of both. (MS)

The article summarizes 12 group sessions intended to decrease inappropriate behavior and increase the self-esteem of 10-12 learning-disabled seventh and eighth graders. Art projects culminating in a group mural were a prominent part of the group activities. (DB)

Presents Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persuasion (a reconceptualization of the social influence process) as alternative model of attitude change. Contends ELM unifies conflicting social psychology results and can potentially account for inconsistent research findings in counseling psychology. Provides guidelines on integrating…

A simple instrument was used to measure both the favorite foods of some rural Southwestern children and their intake of food relevant to cardiovascular health with a view to designing and pilot-testing a culturally appropriate health curriculum. Pilot-testing indicated several significant changes in eating behavior were achieved. (JD)

Examined effects of sugar on behavior of 45 preschool and elementary school children. Provided all children with basic breakfast that included drink containing either 50 g of sucrose, a comparably sweet placebo, or very little sucrose. Found some small behavior changes in high-sucrose group. All effects were small in magnitude and not considered…

Ratings of treatment acceptability were obtained from 20 parents who sought professional assistance in managing their children's behavior. Initially, degree of disruptiveness of a proposed treatment and parental willingness to attempt it were significantly related to acceptability. Once treatment had been attempted, however, its perceived…

Seventeen gifted underachieving students (ages 8-13) were guided through a creative productivity study based on the Enrichment Triad Model. Although a variety of factors contributed to their underachievement, positive gains were made by 82% of the students and most were no longer underachieving in their school setting at the end of the…

Currently there are at least four pretreatment-posttreatment (pre-post) difference score methods for determining client change. A fifth model, based on a random effects model and multiwave data, represents a growth curve approach and was hypothesized to be more sensitive to detecting significant (p<.05) change than pre-post models. Compares…

This paper reviews research on observational learning, including model characteristics and observers' responses, vicarious reinforcement as implicit punishment, vicarious effects on students with problem behavior, observers' other characteristics and vicarious effects, and aggression and vicarious processes. Regular class placement of students…

The purpose of this research was to determine whether an in-school breakfast program would increase attendance and on-task behaviors of male high school students in a vocational high school. The outcomes indicate that an in-school breakfast program had a positive influence on on-task behaviors of the students. (LKS)