PLAN is a computer-managed individualized learning program with two major goals: to provide each child with an individualized program of studies in the language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies and to involve students in making decisions and assuming responsibility for their own learning. A computer assists the teacher by scoring and…

Following an introductory review of foreign language teaching since the Second World War, the author discusses the cybernetic aspects and psychological basis of instructional technology; programmed learning/computer-assisted instruction and behavioral objectives; hardware versus software; linear programming; branching programs; programming verbal…

The position papers presented at a seminar held in 1969 at Leeds University are the basis of this report. The papers cover the topics of computers in education, learning systems, planning and management, hardware and engineering, development processes in computer assisted instruction (CAI), and economic problems. The 46 participants at the seminar…

Resource allocations, in terms of funds, people, facilities, and the delegation of appropriate authority to formulate appropriate policy, for research and development and implementation of computer-assisted instruction are discussed in this paper. A description and justification of CAI as a technology is included. The need for incorporating a…

Computerized speech could enhance the effectiveness of computer-assisted instruction as an educational tool. Digital audio under computer control allows a very wide range of replies, but it poses special problems in the areas of listener attitudes and speaker intelligibility. This paper discusses the design and implementation of special tests to…

Curriculum designers have derived data for instructional purposes from 1) the subject matter, 2) society, and 3) the learner. The computer plays an instrumental role in individualizing the presentation of curriculum derived from these sources. Research on instruction has concerned itself with devising material for individual needs and adapting…

"Elmath," a computer-assisted instruction (CAI) course intended for in-service training of teachers of elementary school mathematics, has been translated into Spanish, together with accompanying handbook, achievement tests, and attitude scale. The English version has been used successfully by the Appalachia Regional Laboratory and by The…

The learning performance of college students given computer-assisted instruction (CAI) was investigated. Three introductory psychology lessons of 35 frames each were administered to matched groups under two modes: a) CAI mode (N = 15), and b) printed programed instruction mode (N = 11). Both lesson modes produced significant learning. Although no…

For the next ten years, at least, it would almost certainly be prohibitively expensive for a student to receive a major part of each day's instruction in a direct individual dialogue with a computer. Furthermore such a system would not teach a student to interact effectively with other humans, to communicate the results of his labors to others, or…

The basic objective of the electronic dial access information retrieval system (DAIRS) is to serve individual students in semi-private listening or viewing situations with a kind of "non-book" library resource almost instantaneously available at the student's option. DAIRS represents the combination of two long established communications…

Many new resources are available in education today. The author offers an evaluation of these resources, including their cost effectiveness. He discusses the resistance to change which has slowed acceptance of new forms of educational technology. He presents a table listing the major media of educational technology available today, together with a…

This Technical Report is concerned with various problems of instructional management encountered in situations which stress self-selection and self-pacing principles. These problems deal primarily with the efficient utilization and allocation of human and material resource materials to formulate an operational, individualized, inquiry-learning…

Computers have been used successfully in test assembly following the cooperation of test specialists and computer specialists in systematic analyses of the test-assembly process. Systematic exploration of the item-writing process may well make it possible for the computer to take on some of the less creative portions of item writing. The current…

Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) is surveyed in terms of both the extent of research progress as well as the degree of utilization for this new technological approach to education. After a brief review of some of the critical terminology used to describe research progress within CAI, a conceptual framework by which to consider current…

Because of inadequate preservice and in-service mathematics training programs, a critical need existed to provide quality in-service mathematics instruction for teachers in sparsely settled areas of Appalachia. A computer assisted instruction (CAI) course was developed for use with the IBM 1500 system which utilized an integrated approach relying…