Examines the effects of different-intensity unconditioned stimuli as well as generalization to related and unrelated test words. Its results indicate that semantic generalization is not a consequence of mediated generalization as traditionally conceived. (Editor/RK)

Two paradigms of academic librarians are examined: one, "leader" is closely tied to nineteenth-century ideals; two, "manager" reflects democratization and new technology of twentieth century. Highlights include literature of organization (sociology, psychology, political science), patterns of change, Japanese model, and need to…

Describes the Training Effectiveness Algorithm, a systematic procedure for identifying the cause of reported training problems which was developed for use in the U.S. Navy. A two-step review by subject matter experts is explained, and applications of the algorithm to other organizations and training systems are discussed. (Author/LRW)

To test validity of cocitation studies as representations of intellectual structure, five-six years of aggregate cocitation data for 41 authors in macroeconomics and 49 authors in genetics of fruit flies were compared with independent judgments of interauthor similarity collected from 14 macroeconomists and 15 geneticists via a card-sorting…

Explains how large diagrammatic charts can involve elementary school students in class discussions of literature. (HOD

This chart comparing communications software packages focuses on features important to novice users. Less obvious features covered in the chart are defined, including file transfer, protocols, baud rates, file types, capture methods, file editing, macro, tutorial unattended operation, document reading, and prices. A list of manufacturers of…

A profile of higher education from the vantage point of students is presented in charts by the Carnegie Foundatioin for Advancement of Teaching. By looking at demographic patterns and at high school students, one can get an idea of what the nation's colleges will look like in the future. (MLW)

Argues that software for electronic boards should address a variety of teaching styles, student abilities and ages, class textbooks, teaching objectives, and learning environments for flexibility of use. The software features that contribute to flexibility include frequent stops, options for going backwards, inter- and intra-unit jumps, and…

Describes an expert system which provides users who have information needs with terms to express search queries; introduces principles on which the system's behavior is based; describes the system's main procedures and decision rules; presents an example of system use; and outlines possible improvements in system search and evaluation procedures.…

Presented are flow charts to help students interpret infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of simple organic compounds. Advantages in using these charts are outlined. (JN)

Current research emphasizes the importance of the mother tongue in second language teaching. This paper describes a longitudinal project which studies 4 groups of Finnish children in Malmo, Sweden, who are receiving a bilingual education starting from the pre-school. (Editor)

In order to determine whether the success of the Personalized System of Instruction is due to the unit testing procedure or the study questions prior to examinations, this study compares student achievement on course examinations after required unit testing, optional unit testing, and absence of testing. (Author/RK)

The rationale and development of an interview method for the study of personal values is described. (Author)

Assesses the effects of input and output interference on schizophrenic recall. Input interference is the interference resulting from the interpolation of items between presentation and recall of the probed item. Output interference is the interference resulting from the interpolation of responses between the presentation and recall of the probed…

Three experiments were conducted in an attempt to develop an account of information loss based on the relationships among events occurring at input, during a retention interval, and at output. (Editor)