A three-year literature review found that vocational choice, decision making, intervention, and assessment have been studied with a plethora of constructs and scales that were often atheoretical and superficially related. Traditional measurement methods must be reexamined for progress in the field of vocational behavior to occur. (322 references)…

Describes G. Kelly's repertory grid and autobiography, their application in educational research, how they might be applied to research into teacher thinking and student thinking about the process of teaching and learning, and ways they can be combined to raise teachers' and students' constructs to focal awareness. (RLC)

The use of qualitative data in the refinement of a research program in human immunodeficiency virus studies in a military population is described. Three mechanisms of patient participation (a protocol advisor, a participant advisory panel, and focus groups) provided important feedback for adapting the research process. (SLD)

A study compared three methods for measuring college student growth and development in the course of a college education: (1) gain scores; (2) residual scores; and (3) repeated measures. Analyses indicated that all three are seriously flawed, although repeated measures offer the greatest potential for adequately representing student change.…

Describes how research has been conducted about gender, women, and leisure and how the research has changed over the course of the contemporary women's movement, and offers considerations for future leisure scholarship. The paper suggests five stages of scholarship: invisible, contemporary, dichotomous differences, feminist, and gender research.…

The six chapters of this theme issue consider three trends in educational effectiveness research: (1) integration of effectiveness phenomena at different levels, (2) a more model-driven approach than in the past, and (3) increased complexity of analysis tools and techniques to suit the new emphasis on process. (SLD)

The author of a survey of 254 college public relations officers (HE 531 785) describes briefly the underlying definitions, design, and results of the study, and makes comparisons between this and an earlier study of college presidents. Discussion of methodology focuses on respondent characteristics and consistency of definition. (MSE)

Describes a study that used quantitative data from a mailed survey and qualitative data produced from focused interviews to explore what effects an academic boycott had on faculty members at South African universities. Differences in the effects of the boycott in science and technology, humanities, and social science are examined. (Contains 15…

Asserts that much of research currently conducted in counselor education and supervision is unreliable and invalid. Presents tabulation of research designs and errors in manuscripts submitted to "Counselor Education and Supervision." Notes that over 80% of submitted studies were descriptive designs and nearly one-half had errors that invalidated…

A discussion of the need for better research on women's health looks at significant gender differences that are factors in health and health education (longevity, poverty, use of medical services, doctor-patient interaction, and women in dentistry) as well aspects of research methodology that need improvement. (MSE)

Challenges faced by institutions of higher education when performing institutional research on different continents are examined. The discussion is based on the experiences of two universities with undergraduate programs in foreign countries. Three levels of organizational activity (strategic, managerial, operational) and several information…

Uses participant observation, historical literature review, and open-ended interviewing to investigate the customs and ethical rules of Canadian Shuswap communication and to discuss what modern non-Shuswap observers can learn from them. Finds four primary values: freedom, responsibility, truthfulness, and respect. (SR)

Responds to David Bloome's critique of Sarah J. McCarthey's article in the same issue. Suggests that researchers must risk reporting difficult cases and continue to negotiate their relationships with teachers in the quest for understanding of the social context of classrooms. (HB)

Two methods of computing test equating coefficients under item response theory by the following authors are compared: (1) B. H. Loyd and H. D. Hoover (1980); and (2) M. L. Stocking and F. M. Lord (1983). Conditions under which the method of Stocking and Lord is preferable are described. (SLD)

Reports a series of experiments in teaching data analysis in an interactive graphics environment (IGE). Explains that students can graph distributions and relationships as they obtain statistical results. Describes microcomputer programs for IGE data analysis. Concludes that software capabilities are excellent for small data sets but too slow for…