Author presents a system of grammar similar to generative-transformational grammar, but including structural variations characteristic of other levels of usage (including dialects). Flow charts are used, and implications for computer programs are briefly mentioned. (Author/SP)

Argues that sentences in the "have a V" frame are not idiosyncratic, but exhibit orderly and systematic behavior and are governed by strict semantic rules. Discusses 10 subtypes, each with a slightly different semantic formula. (EKN)

The present experiment with retarded and normal readers was designed to test comprehension across major segmental boundaries, an aspect of syntax raised by generative grammars, and to relate the comprehension problem to other correlates of reading retardation by choosing a problem in which ordering strategies may be adopted. (Author/KC)

Studies, using Mandarin Chinese as a test case: (1) the interaction of syntax and semantics when quantifiers and negatives co-occur; (2) the linear interpretation of quantifiers when the universal and existential quantifiers co-occur; (3) the logical relationship between them; and (4) the basic word order of existential sentences involving…

Tentative conclusions were that controlled sentence practice and sentence combining can increase the overall writing effectiveness and syntactic maturity of college students in a single semester. (DD)

Second language learners must acquire a generative system of grammar. There is, as yet, no way of describing notions in generative terms. Long-term syllabuses will have to continue to be syntactically based, but the incorporation of notions from a checklist is acceptable. (Author/JB)

Demonstrates key concepts of transformational generative grammar that can be applied to a discussion of the composing process. Discusses relevant linguistic concepts and selected transformational processes to illustrate how writers achieve certain effects. (RL)

A language program using the Fitgerald Key (a method for teaching the order of words in a sentence) and diagramming has been used successfully with hearing impaired students. (CL)

Evaluates the merits of item transformations and the cloze procedure in terms of (1) the extent to which literal comprehension skills are validly measured; (2) the extent to which the issue of passage dependency is addressed; and (3) utility for educational practitioners. (HOD)

The use of "some" and "any" does not depend solely on syntactic factors (sentence type), as hitherto taught, but also on the speaker's expectation and other pragmatic elements and on semantic factors not limited to those of quantification. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

The preposing of subject pronouns in questions containing an interrogative word has become common in several Caribbean countries. Use of preposing with "tu,""usted" and "ustedes" is discussed, including its relation to final "s" aspirated or dropped, preservation of morphological oppositions, and increased use of subject pronouns. (CHK)

Analyzes different kinds of reformulations used in information retrieval systems where full text databases are accessed through natural language queries. Tests of these reformulations on large full text databases managed by the Syntactic and Probabilistic Indexing and Retrieval of Information in Texts (SPIRIT) system are described, and an expert…

Discusses the motivation for Universal Grammar (UG), as assumed in the principles and parameters framework of generative grammar (Chomsky, 1981), focusing on the logical problem of first-language acquisition and the potential role of UG in second-language acquisition. Recent experimental research regarding the second-language status of the…

Focuses on language awareness as the ability to view a language objectively. The implications of certain ideas on language awareness for syllabus design and course planning are highlighted and some inadequacies of direct approaches to language teaching are discussed. (15 references) (Author/CK)