School-age children between the ages of 5 and 14 spend up to 80% of their time out of school. These hours represent an opportunity to help children grow and acquire important social, emotional, cognitive, and physical skills and to help them develop lifelong interests. This time can also be used to provide support for the academic challenges faced…

This report describes the research design of a study that identified and evaluated a collection of reforms designed to enhance learning by altering the amount of and/or the quality of time devoted to learning. The study focused on the quantity and quality of time that teachers and students spent in school and, to a lesser extent, students'…

A framework for gaining community involvement in planning for school-age child care initiatives is reported. The framework incorporates a plan than could be used as a model for the involvement of the public school system. Four primary components are described: (1) a "Kids' Council" Saturday meeting in which third graders in school-age…

Research studies on the length and time scheduling of the school day, class sizes and teacher self-concept were examined in an attempt to determine the influence of these variables on the academic success and developmental growth of children during their kindergarten year and beyond. Section I reviews research literature on class size and…

This report describes a compensatory education program in six elementary schools and one junior high school in a racially mixed area of Philadelphia. Current and additional personnel were used, and existing class size and physical plant were maintained. The program provided a community coordinator in each school to work with parents, a bilingual…

This paper reports a survey of 59 able children (grades 4-8) that found a correlation between student life-skills scores and mothers' involvement in community service, leadership, or other creatively productive activities. The paper then describes development of an extended-day program at a private school, that provided stimulating after-school…

This report summarizes Austin ISD's state-funded Optional Extended Year Program activities for the 2006-2007 school year.

Three schools in the Kansas City, Missouri, School District have operated for 5 years as Investigative Learning Magnet Schools (ILMS). The ILMS emphasize such student outcomes as inquiry, problem solving, critical thinking, and observation skills, and have a curricular focus on science, math, and computer skills. This report examines the ILMS'…

This report describes after-school programs available in the Houston (Texas) Independent School District (HISD). Fifty-nine sites offer either after-school child care or instruction to elementary school students in the HISD. Magnet's Extended Instructional Day program is the largest and the Houston Committee for Private Sector Initiatives'…

Between 1983 and 1985, the Florida Legislature enacted legislation that increased the credits required for high school graduation and redefined the closely related length and configuration of the school day. Members of the Superintendent's Task Force on the Seventh Period/Extended School Day, members and staff of the legislature's education and…

School-age children between the ages of 5 and 14 spend up to 80% of their time out of school. These hours represent an opportunity to help children grow and acquire important social, emotional, cognitive, and physical skills and to help them develop lifelong interests. This time can also be used to provide support for the academic challenges faced…

A central theme in the history of American education in the 20th century is the expansion of formal schooling for more children. This literature review surveys the research on the educational uses of time, with a focus on the quantity and quality of time that teachers and students spent in school and, to a lesser extent, students' out-of-school…

In the 21st century learning should be continuously available. This book traces the evolution of year-round school schedules from 1840-1980 in the United States and documents the many innovative educational programs of the past. It also describes the status, philosophy, calendars, and strategies of the 1990s and offers forecasts for continuous…

Since 1969-70 the National Catholic Educational Association has published a statistical report on Catholic elementary schools and secondary schools in the United States. This year's report contains the core school enrollment and staffing data of the Association's historical file, and includes data from a survey on extended care programs and…

The purpose of this paper is to examine what is known about the costs and cost-effectiveness of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) by presenting an appropriate cost methodology, applying it to CAI, and exploring the validity of four popular assumptions. These assumptions are: (1) that computer hardware accounts for most of the cost of delivering…