A basic unsolved problem in science is that of understanding learning, the process by which people and machines use their experience in a situation to guide future action in similar situations. The ideas of Piaget, Pavlov, Hull, and other learning theorists, as well as previous heuristic programing models of human intelligence, stimulated this…

The study of human learning has neglected interpersonal learning, mainly because of its complexity. However, with the recent development of a new methodology and research paradigm, empirical studies have been initiated. This is a report on one such study, involving 40 male University of Oregon students divided into two groups of 10 pairs of…

The instructional process has four major components: stimulation, orientation, transformation, and instrumental activity. Concerning stimulation, the instructor should highlight either the novelty or the complexity of the learning materials. Varying such factors as teaching style and mode of presentation, duration of instruction, and the learner's…

Presented in this monograph are 10 articles read at the Third Annual Conference of the Australian Science Education Research Association which was held in Melbourne in May, 1972. The articles are given under the following headings: A Model for Curriculum Evaluation; The Australian Science Education Project as a Stimulus for Research--A Progress…

In a controlled experiment, the IIEP attempted to develop efficient teaching materials in the field of educational planning. Informal instructional materials were compiled from the tape recordings, transcriptions, and summary notes of seminars, lectures, and discussions conducted by the IIEP in its training and research programs. This…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of a structural-developmental approach as a basis for a philosophy of education for the public community college of the Midwestern United States. The structural-developmental approach was explored within the broader cognitive studies of the Piagetian tradition in America. The method of…

The tenth paper of the Research Review Series, commissioned by the Science and Mathematics Education Information Analysis Center in cooperation with the National Association for Research in Science Teaching, provides an analysis of the documents released in 1971 which deal with science education research. The review is intended to: (1) provide a…

This paper discusses a pilot program for a writing course taught by four teachers at Drexel University. One of the primary assumptions was that a course in writing was also one in language. The object of the course was to ask the students to become conscious of themselves as learners and writers and to attempt to discover the function of language…

The OCCUPAC Project consists of the development of multi-media career education materials, with an emphasis on simulated real-life experiences in the classroom. Existing occupational clustering systems have little meaning for the kindergarten through sixth grade career education curriculum, because they are based on adult logic. A special…

Part 1 of this paper considers conventional bilingual-bicultural programs, observing that there is still much need for improvement. According to the author, successful programs require adequate societal information; a clear understanding between school, home, and community; a satisfactory statement of basic program philosophy, rationale, goals,…

The author uses a developmental model (1) to describe the developmental reinforcement process as it occurs in a child's life, using a hierarchical concept, and (2) to discuss some educational consequences of a reinforcement deficit. The developmental reinforcement process is composed of a hierarchy of four levels. Development takes place in…

This study of concept learning was intended to supply data concerning the interaction of different values of three variables with each other. These three variables which may influence concept learning are augmentive information, method of presentation, and instance difficulty. Three types of specific review (total, partial, and none) were used,…

The first section of this document lists and annotates three conference reports from international meetings. A chapter-by-chapter annotation on a report from the 1971 Conference of European Ministers of Education on Post-Secondary Education is provided along with annotations on two Colombian seminars: one on literacy education and the other on…

A PRESENTATION WAS MADE OF THE ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR THAT IS REQUIRED AS A FIRST STEP IN THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPING PROCEDURES AND MATERIALS FOR "DISCOVERY LEARNING." TEACHING BY THE DISCOVERY METHOD IS DESCRIBED AS REQUIRING THAT A MINIMUM OF STRUCTURED INSTRUCTIONAL SEQUENCE BE IMPOSED TO ALLOW THE CHILD TO (1) LEARN BY DISCOVERY AND (2)…

The purpose of this study was to develop a paper-pencil test of Piagetian levels of proportional thinking for junior high school students in the context of physical science. Two thousand twenty-seven students were tested to develop the instrument and the description of its characteristics. The final form consisted of 24 items with four subtests…