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Schneider, Johannes; Richner, Robin; Riser, Micha – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2023
Autograding short textual answers has become much more feasible due to the rise of NLP and the increased availability of question-answer pairs brought about by a shift to online education. Autograding performance is still inferior to human grading. The statistical and black-box nature of state-of-the-art machine learning models makes them…
Descriptors: Grading, Natural Language Processing, Computer Assisted Testing, Ethics
Arenillas-Alcón, Sonia; Ribas-Prats, Teresa; Puertollano, Marta; Mondéjar-Segovia, Alejandro; Gómez-Roig, María Dolores; Costa-Faidella, Jordi; Escera, Carles – Developmental Science, 2023
Fetal hearing experiences shape the linguistic and musical preferences of neonates. From the very first moment after birth, newborns prefer their native language, recognize their mother's voice, and show a greater responsiveness to lullabies presented during pregnancy. Yet, the neural underpinnings of this experience inducing plasticity have…
Descriptors: Prenatal Influences, Neonates, Music, Speech
Karakose, Turgut; Demirkol, Murat; Aslan, Nurcihan; Köse, Hüseyin; Yirci, Ramazan – Educational Process: International Journal, 2023
Background/purpose: ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot designed with generative pre-trained transformer architecture, have intrigued millions of people from diverse backgrounds since its first release, and generated excitement with its groundbreaking performance in numerous use cases they have been tested. Its ability to generate coherent and…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Computer Mediated Communication, Scientific Research
Prueitt, Ethan; Yates, Mark – Journal of Research in Reading, 2023
Background: Previous research has shown that the emotional content of words affects how quickly they are recognised. One recent measure of word emotionality is emotional experience that measures the degree to which reading a word can invoke emotional experiences tied to the word. Words that are higher in emotional experience are recognised more…
Descriptors: Emotional Response, Language Usage, Language Processing, Task Analysis
Liao, Xian; Cai, Mingjia; Hung, Cathy On-Ying – Reading Research Quarterly, 2023
Robust relation has been revealed previously between the components of executive function (EF) and reading comprehension performance. However, the specific role of EF in the reading processes remains relatively underexplored. Within the framework of the lexical quality hypothesis (LQH), this study examined the contribution of EF to the lexical…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Language Processing, Reading Comprehension, Reading Achievement
Curtis, Philip R.; Estabrook, Ryne; Roberts, Megan Y.; Weisleder, Adriana – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2023
Purpose: Late talkers (LTs) are a group of children who exhibit delays in language development without a known cause. Although a hallmark of LTs is a reduced expressive vocabulary, little is known about LTs' processing of semantic relations among words in their emerging vocabularies. This study uses an eye-tracking task to compare 2-year-old LTs'…
Descriptors: Monolingualism, Delayed Speech, Vocabulary Development, Toddlers
Sauppe, Sebastian; Naess, Åshild; Roversi, Giovanni; Meyer, Martin; Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina; Bickel, Balthasar – Cognitive Science, 2023
The language comprehension system preferentially assumes that agents come first during incremental processing. While this might reflect a biologically fixed bias, shared with other domains and other species, the evidence is limited to languages that place agents first, and so the bias could also be learned from usage frequency. Here, we probe the…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Diagnostic Tests, Patients, Nouns
Pack, Austin; Maloney, Jeffrey – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2023
Progress made in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recent years has resulted in these tools becoming more accessible for individuals who lack professional training. Of particular note are large language models, such as OpenAI's GPT-3.5. Discussions of utilizing AI for language education usually focus on the…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Computer Software, Teaching Methods, Second Language Learning
Ardeshir Geranpayeh – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2023
The recent surge in the popularity of Large Language Models (LLM) for language assessment underscores the growing significance of cost-effective language evaluation in our increasingly digitalized society. This paper posits that the application of computational psychometrics can enable the incorporation of technology into language assessment,…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Psychometrics, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Carolyn Baker; Tracy Love – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2023
Purpose: Lexical processing impairments such as delayed and reduced activation of lexical-semantic information have been linked to syntactic processing disruptions and sentence comprehension deficits in individuals with aphasia (IWAs). Lexical-level deficits can also preclude successful lexical encoding during sentence processing and amplify the…
Descriptors: Aphasia, Semantics, Networks, Language Processing
Mohsen Dolatabadi – Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2023
Many datasets resulting from participant ratings for word norms and also concreteness ratios are available. However, the concreteness information of infrequent words and non-words is rare. This work aims to propose a model for estimating the concreteness of infrequent and new lexicons. Here, we used Lancaster sensory-motor word norms to predict…
Descriptors: Prediction, Validity, Models, Computational Linguistics
Ruth Caputo – ProQuest LLC, 2023
Understanding speech in an accent or dialect different than one's own can be challenging. McLaughlin and Van Engen (2020) were the first to quantify this increase in listening effort using Task Evoked Pupillary Response (TEPR), a common measure of cognitive arousal. They found that monolingual, English speaking adults' pupils dilated more quickly…
Descriptors: Dialects, Pronunciation, Children, Adults
Nick Henry – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2023
Research on input processing and processing instruction has often employed a scoring method known as trials to criterion to observe the effects of instruction that emerge during training. Despite its common use in this research (see Fernández, 2021) this metric has never been evaluated critically. The present study first discusses several…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Research, Linguistic Input, Language Processing
Timothy C. Papadopoulos – International Journal for Research in Learning Disabilities, 2023
The Conference at the University of Oviedo, Spain, within the 44th Annual Meeting of the International Academy for Research in Learning Disabilities, was an excellent opportunity to share knowledge, explore perspectives and reflect on the study of neurodevelopmental disorders in Europe and elsewhere in the world. The William M. Cruickshank…
Descriptors: Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Learning Disabilities, Foreign Countries, Speeches
Tuyuan Cheng – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2023
The relationship between working memory (WM) and language processing has been extensively investigated in cognitive research. Previous studies mostly obtain evidence from measuring the involvement of WM in complex syntactic structures reported with well-established processing asymmetry, e.g., relative clauses (RCs) in English. Rarely considered is…
Descriptors: Memory, Interference (Learning), Short Term Memory, Language Processing