The process of generating and evaluating diagnoses and selecting appropriate investigative or management procedures is based on a constant acquisition, interpretation, and evaluation of critical findings. Common assessments of these processes are often limited to scoring the accuracy of the diagnoses, investigative procedures, or management…

The study examined the level of formal reasoning in mathematics of 70 learning disabled (LD) and 30 nonLD students from seventh and eighth grades. A review of previous research led to the hypothesis that mathematics interventions for LD students should involve concrete or pictorial, in addition to symbolic, representations of mathematical…

HYPOTHESIZING THAT CONGENITALLY BLIND ADULTS WOULD SCORE LOWER ON TESTS OF ABSTRACTION THAN ADVENTITIOUSLY BLIND OR SIGHTED ADULTS, THIS STUDY TESTED 25 CONGENITALLY BLIND, 25 ADVENTITIOUSLY BLIND, AND 25 SIGHTED SUBJECTS. THE WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE (WAIS) VOCABULARY TEST WAS ADMINISTERED TO EACH GROUP AND RESULTS SHOWED NO SIGNIFICANT…

The gifted adolescent who presents himself for therapy is distinguished from other adolescents in at least two ways. His view of himself and the world is more abstract, and his identification in finding his place in a social continuum is more difficult. Yet, the gifted adolescent has much in common with all adolescents. The clinician, however,…

Recent interest in the direct, descriptive study of teaching has led to renewed attention to the types of questions asked by teachers. An important contributing factor has also been the progress made in the analysis of cognitive operations and the identification of a complex hierarchy of operations. Several observation systems developed from…

Discusses the nature of the system that keeps track of where things outside as well as inside the visual field are located. (Author/RK)

Contends that a modern theory of the composing process can be based directly on evolutionary theory as it relates to the origins and history of consciousness. (Author)

A comparison is made between the experienced scientist and the young child in their reasoning processes and methods of reaching logical conclusions. (JD)

Five arguments are presented as to the inappropriateness of Piaget's "stage of formal operations" as the final stage of cognitive development. (MJB)

Seeks to provide a conceptual framework which will illuminate the similarities and differences among major theories of rhetorical criticism. (MH)

Learning-disabled and average learners (N=52) in grades 2, 4, and 6 were asked to tell the meanings of 12 proverbs. Only at the sixth grade level was a moderately significant difference in metaphoric comprehension found. (Author/DB)

Opposes the view that standards for evaluation arguments do not exist or cannot be developed. Justifies argument evaluation and sketches the outlines of a general method for evaluating ordinary arguments. (PD)

A comparison of the analogy-solving ability of 12 deaf and 12 hearing adolescents supported the predication that hearing Ss would demonstrate better analogical reasoning. The prediction was based on the premise that the oral-aural communication mode provides sensory experience that facilitates the perception of the contrast necessary to cognition…

The creative act arises out of a need to explore human experience, and mathematics is a locus of creative activity. Mathematics should be taught to show the value of imagination and reasoning. (MT)

Fourteen gifted junior high school students who received positive reinforcement for the process of developing a hypothesis, conclusion, or opinion demonstrated a statistically significant increase in higher cognitive level thought processes. Gains were not matched by a gifted control group receiving product reinforcement or for two nongifted…