The manual of classroom observation techniques is intended to provide observers with detailed descriptions of standardized procedures and techniques involved in sequential data collection in a classroom. Focus is on obtaining reliable data on sequential interactions between teachers, peers, and subjects (each of the students in turn is a subject).…

This document presents the development of instructional specification (IS), a strategy designed to assist in moving systematically from the statement of desired outcomes to the point that sufficient cues are available to initiate the development of instructional materials and procedures. Five sections which can serve as a blueprint for developing…

This investigation is part of a larger exploratory study dealing with the response of 4-year colleges to student pressures for institutional change. This study deals with faculty perceptions and attitudes regarding: (1) the extent and nature of student pressures for institutional change; (2) the extent to and manner in which the institutions under…

Categories of effective and ineffective behavior in regard to Goal Two of the Quality Education Program (understanding other social, cultural, and ethnic groups) are listed. Both the rationales for areas of effective student behavior and the categories or teacher strategies are also included. (See TM 001 375 for project description.) (MS)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INVENTORY OF SCIENCE PROCESSES INCLUDED THE DESCRIPTION OF A MODEL OF INQUIRY AND AN INSTRUMENT TO SAMPLE THESE INQUIRY BEHAVIORS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. THE BEHAVIORS OF SEARCHING, DATA PROCESSING, VERIFYING, DISCOVERING, ASSIMILATING AND ACCOMMODATING WERE IDENTIFIED AS COMPONENTS OF THE MODEL OF INQUIRY. THE TAB…

Each child is unique and individual differences should be recognized and met, but to put individual diagnosis and prescription into a realistic perspective, some generally descriptive ground rules are necessary. Four models describing four distinctily different types of behavior applying to children in normal as well as exceptional learning…

Questions the current emphasis on learning disabilities, which represents an ideology in which the language and, often, the techniques of medicine are used extensively to serve the purposes of social control. (Author/IRT)

This study evaluated the effects of covert positive reinforcement (CPR) on a nine-year old, third-grade student who was causing a classroom disturbance. There was an immediate improvement in three target behaviors following the implementation of CPR by the school psychologist. (Author)

The degree of satisfaction with both academic and nonacademic facets of college life is an important variable in determining the attitudes of college students toward both their present and future goal attainment. One of the major developmental trends during the college years was a significant increase in goal-directedness. (Author)

After identifying the characteristics of students who are likely to drop out, the authors introduced several techniques to help the students. (Author/MLF)

Reports the results of teaching preschool teachers to use priming and reinforcement to increase the desired behaviors of their children. Five teacher-training techniques were examined: (1) written assignments, (2) feedback from viewing graphs, (3) on-the-spot feedback from a wireless radio (Bug-in-the-Ear), (4) feedback from an observer, and (5)…

In an attempt to get elementary students to respect and work closely with one another a teacher uses the circular class meeting. With it students learned to cooperate in solving some classroom problems. (RK)

The relative effects of positive reinforcement, response cost, and the two contingencies combined when used as contingencies for correct academic responses were compared on the dependent measures of accuracy of academic performance and level of on-task behavior. All three contingency systems increased academic performance and on-task behavior.…

For availability, see EC 103 600