Evaluated were effects of experience with two physical science units adapted for use by the visually impaired on the manipulative skills of 14 visually impaired low income students from 9 to 19 years of age. (DB)

This collection of activities is organized into two sections. The first, entitled "Manipulatives," suggests materials which may be used to introduce or reinforce mathematical concepts such as: basic arithmetic operations; place value; long division; percents; multiples and common denominators; informal geometry including area, perimeter…

Many children are known to leave school with mathematical deficiencies, particularly from the inner city. While manipulatives are generally used to teach and reinforce understanding of operations, concepts, and abstractions, the use of concrete objects is not viewed to fully involve the student in the learning process. A finger system of…

This area package emphasizes three facets: (1) the concept of area as a covering; (2) the square unit; and (3) formula development. There are two enrichment activities included. The first requires the aid of a programmable calculator or computer. (Author/MK)

This module utilizes hole punching with a pencil, paper folding, rubber band stretching, and unique board models to "picture" key geometric concepts in an intuitive manner. The module is virtually self-contained, except for common classroom items which are scissors and a protractor. The introductory lesson allows for a variety of approaches for…

The objectives of this module on making comparisons and ratios include using ratios to compare sets of objects and expressing ratios as decimals or fractions in lowest terms. The module provides six experiments. An envelope of manipulatives accompanies each of the first three experiments. The fourth experiment requires a multispeed bicycle. The…

Research reported primarily from 1970 through 1975 on the use of manipulative materials at the elementary level (K-7) is reviewed. The research is categorized as deisgn-oriented research, content-oriented research, and catalogs of manipulatives. Each section contains a summary followed by abstracts for each study. References to the theoretical…

This booklet describes activities and materials which can be planned and constructed from inexpensive and easily obtainable materials. The activities are used for the earliest primary grades (K-3), remedial, and special education classes. For each activity the objective, materials, and procedure are described. Topics include introduction to number…

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of a child's performance in solving addition and subtraction problems using concrete embodiments compared to his performance using the symbolic mode. A random sample of 144 second grade children were tested. It was found that children proficient in regrouping addition and subtraction…

This volume presents a collection of activities and games for use in elementary school mathematics laboratories. The activities and games included were submitted by classroom teachers and were selected for their use of manipulative materials or their reliance on student interactions. Several of the activities included have been described in "The…

This study examined differential performances among groups (categories) of first grade children when solving eight different types of arithmetical word problems under two distinct experimental conditions. The categories of children were actually 4 ability groups: (1) low quantitative comparison scores and low IQ (Lorge-Thorndike IQ Test), (2) low…

This study tested 1) whether instruction based on guided discovery, the use of expensive manipulative aids, and maximum pupil participation increases achievement in mathematics for pupils in grades 1-6; 2) whether a program based largely on learning through activity and guided discovery is effective in the training of prospective teachers enrolled…

Discussed is a three-week summer workshop-laboratory for teachers and low achievers in mathematics at the secondary level. Teacher planning, small group activities, and the use of electric calculating equipment, mathematically oriented games, and manipulative materials were emphasized. (The amount of time spent in particular activities was…

Piaget's concepts of knowledge seen as a result of active interaction between the child and his environment, and motivation, seen as intrinsic to intellectual functioning, have implications for the development of preschool programs. A preschool program must be action-oriented if the child is to learn to "know" and must offer an…

A dissertation proposal involved a study to observe spontaneous behavior of children in interaction with materials in order to gain understanding of the factors that influence classificatory and imaginative behavior in free play. Children at two levels of ability in terms of classification skills were observed in interaction with materials at two…