A study investigated the orthographic processing abilities of 15 adolescents with reading disabilities (RD), 15 typical readers, and 15 younger typical readers matched in reading age. Readers with RD had greater difficulty than the other readers on orthographic processing tasks and had specific difficulty in processing consonant blends when…

Compares picture span performance of developmental dyslexic teenagers to the picture span performance of both reading and chronological age match controls. Finds all three groups showed a significant phonological similarity effect but only the dyslexic group showed a significant visual similarity effect. Discusses results in terms of developmental…

Notes that a modest linear relation was found between visual contrast sensitivity across the broad range of word-reading skill in a population of children with higher word-reading tended to have higher contrast sensitivity. Suggests that the modest shared variance between word reading and contrast sensitivity may be due primarily to environmental…

Examines the hypothesis that early auditory temporal processing deficits cause later specific reading disability by impairing phonological processing. Suggests that auditory temporal deficits in dyslexics may be associated with dysphasic-type symptoms observed by Tallal and her colleagues in specific language-impaired populations, but do not cause…

This study evaluated the effect of sound-symbol association training on visual and phonological memory in children (n=24) with a history of dyslexia. Comparison with controls matched for either age or reading level found children with dyslexia or whose dyslexia had been compensated demonstrated a variety of visual and phonological memory deficits,…

Presents a case history of a student with a number of disabilities, one of which was severe dyslexia. Illustrates that it is possible for students with disabilities to gain a place in and succeed at courses for professions that also have a high practical content. (Author/CCM)

Assessed perception of phonemic contrast based on voice onset time (VOT) and a nonspeech analog of VOT contrast among children and adolescents with reading disability (RD), ADHD, RD and AHDH, or no impairment. Found that RD children had difficulty processing speech and nonspeech stimuli containing similar auditory temporal cues. Phoneme perception…

Surveys attitudes towards and beliefs about dyslexia among Adult Basic Education (ABE) teachers and providers. Finds doubt, uncertainty and confusion about dyslexia and considerable misgiving. Discusses attribution theory and learned helplessness in the context of ABE. Argues that a diagnosis of dyslexia may be a maladaptive attribution and so…

Analyzes the spelling errors of third graders who fit phonological and surface profiles of developmental dyslexia along with the errors of younger (reading level matched) and chronologically age matched non-dyslexic comparison groups. Finds that different types of dyslexics produce different types of errors and that children produce spelling…

This article considers the complications met by behavioral and biological studies of dyslexia by the condition's phenotypic heterogeneity and lack of uniformly applied diagnostic criteria. It notes the increasingly powerful genetic technologies and statistical methodologies used to identify genomic locations for genes involved in this complex…

This article first outlines a tentative neurocognitive model of oral language and reading. It then reviews recent functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of the development of oral language and reading and brain-imaging research on dyslexia in light of the proposed neurocognitive model. Finally, research on the plasticity of neural systems…

The relation between reading ability and performance on an auditory temporal pattern discrimination task was investigated in children who were either good or delayed readers. The stimuli in the primary task consisted of sequences of tones, alternating between high and low frequencies. The threshold interstimulus interval (ISI) for discrimination…

This article reports on a study of children's narratives about the relationships between dyslexia and being teased at school and explores the dynamics between dyslexia, being bullied, self-esteem, and psychosocial problems. We reconstructed four profiles of inner logic in the children's reactions to being teased or humiliated as a consequence of…

Vocal reaction times were measured in Italian dyslexics and in proficient readers while they read single words. Three groups of control participants (for a total of 79) were tested. All were in the first, second or third grade of elementary school. Nine third graders with a low level of reading ability when assessed by standard reading procedures…

In reading tasks, an underactivation of the left inferior occipitotemporal cortex in dyslexia seems to be the most consistent finding both in neurophysiological and hemodynamic studies. This marked difference appears at about 150 msec after word presentation when the brain enters the letter-string-specific (or, more generally, object-specific)…