Tests the hypotheses that dyslexic subjects find it difficult to process spoken sounds and that this difficulty contributes to their reading disorder. Results obtained from 16 adolescent and adult dyslexic patients, 10 of whom had been studied from childhood, provided support for these assumptions. (MP)

Comprehensively reviews known examples of genetically influenced learning disabilities and speech and language disorders, including familial dyslexia, stuttering, and other speech and language disorders, as well as sex-chromosome anomalies, treated PKU, and minor auto-somal anomalies. (Author/RH)

Eleven adults who had been diagnosed as dyslexic in childhood were evaluated via psychological and educational testing and interviews. Reading and spelling deficits were marked, and patterns of skill weaknesses and cognitive abilities were found to have remained remarkably consistent over the approximately 17-year period. (CL)

This paper describes four syndromes of acquired dyslexia in adults: deep (phonemic) dyslexia, surface (semantic) dyslexia, phonological dyslexia, and letter-by-letter reading (word-form dyslexia). Each description inquires whether reading performance is (1) sensitive to dimensions of words; (2) affected by experimental manipulations; and (3)…

Research, some of which used the Wechsler Intelligence scales, is reviewed to study generalizations made about reading-disabled children. There are definite subgroups of disabled readers, having different types of problems. Disabled readers should not be treated as a single heterogenous group. (JN)

The Dyslexia Research Institute has diagnosed and remediated dyslexic and hyperkinetic children through the use of trained paraprofessionals under expert supervision. (SB)

A technique for developing reading in the severely reading disabled student is described and data illustrating the efficacy of the procedure are presented. (SB)

Investigated the effect of a direct remedial reading program on perceptual motor performance of 119 reading disabled intermediate grade pupils. Comparison of pre- and post-treatment functioning on perceptual motor and reading measures revealed that the gain of Ss in the remedial reading program was significantly greater than the control Ss'…

Examined reading and phonological processing abilities in English and German dyslexic children, each compared with two control groups matched for reading level and age. Hypothesized that same underlying phonological processing deficit would exist in both language groups but that there would be differences in severity of written language…

States that 43 adolescents diagnosed as dyslexic/reading disabled had markedly lower scores on the WISC-III than on the earlier WISC-R. Reports that only 2 subjects had scores above the 25th percentile. Discusses the impact of lower WISC-III IQs on guidelines for classification of students as learning disabled. (PA)

Reexamines whether probands and affected relatives in dyslexia families reverse easily confused letters more frequently under experimental conditions than normal readers from the same families and whether they show unusual facility in reading geometrically transformed text. Indicates that young dyslexia students reverse easily confused letters…

Notes that most of the inmates with literacy difficulties had a background, from infancy and onwards, characterized by severe social and emotional problems, interfering with positive experience of literacy and the literate culture. Concludes that it is unlikely that dyslexia is a determining factor of delinquent behavior. (SG)

Studies the development of phonological processing abilities in dyslexic, weak, and normal readers. Among other abilities, phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming were assessed in kindergarten, in 1st grade, and in 6th grade. Concludes that various manifestations of a phonological deficit follow distinct developmental pathways.…

Describes two French teenagers with developmental reading and writing impairments whose performance was compared to that of chronological age and reading age matched non-dyslexic participants. Suggests that a visual attention disorder might be found to be associated with the patterns of developmental surface dyslexia. Shows that phonological and…

Addresses how prison inmates or juvenile delinquents have been consistently compared with norms obtained for either an adult population or same-age comparison groups with more favorable opportunities to develop reading and writing skills. Concludes that prison inmates in Sweden possess reading and writing skills that are comparable to those found…