The correlations between four childhood factors (externalizing, internalizing, asocial, and IQ/school achievement) and adult outcome ratings were investigated with 45 males with a young adult onset of schizophrenia who had been followed into middle age and for whom childhood information was available from a child guidance clinic. Among findings…

Because conventional test instruments designed to predict academic performance of the young tend to be inaccurate measures of competence in the elderly, new assessment instruments are being constructed which are more appropriate for current cohorts of the elderly. A comparison of performance on conventional measures to performance on newly…

Truth in testing, competency testing, and intelligence tests constitute the central topics of this newsletter. The authors review a report prepared by the Education Commission of the States on truth-in-testing legislation and litigation, covering recent efforts at the state and federal levels to open the testing process to public scrutiny. They…

A group of 767 children in Finland were studied over their first six years in school to discover what kind of variation there is in school readiness, what kind of development takes place in these variables during the basic school period, what relationship exists between these variables, to what extent heredity explains the differences, how far the…

In this study, high and low socioeconomic status (SES) retarded children (approximately 10 years old) were matched on chronological age and two IQ measures. Children in each SES group were presented with a series of simple learning tasks derived from the work of Jensen and his hypotheses about two levels of learning. The tasks themselves were…

This is the first of three volumes designed to cover the problems and issues of developing and managing a formal assessment program. They also offer guidelines and illustrations of several aspects of assessment programs, such as administering tests or documenting their results. This volume deals with the regulations governing school assessment…

The componential conception of intelligence is summarized and contrasted with the psychometric conception. A brief history of concepts of intelligence is presented, beginning with Galton's anthropometric approach and Binet's more educationally relevant approach. Spearman's, and later Thurstone's, contributions to factor analysis promoted a…

This study investigated whether kindergarten children have consistent preferences in explaining success and failure outcomes and whether these attributional preferences are related to other variables known to be associated with achievement motivation. The 48 Hawaiian kindergarteners who served as subjects were asked to explain a fictional outcome…

Predictive validity of the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R), was investigated with 174 Chicanos and 94 Anglos, ages 10-11, who were referred for psychological services. Wide Range Achievement Test Reading, Spelling, and Arithmetic subtest scores were each regressed on WISC-R Verbal, Performance and Full Scale Intelligence…

Written to provide an understanding of the broad base of information on which the artificial intelligence (AI) branch of computer science rests, this publication presents a general view of AI, the concepts from which it evolved, its current abilities, and its promise for research. The focus is on a community of projects that use the SUMEX-AIM…

THE CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL STATUS OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION WAS EVALUATED WITH RESPECT TO ESTABLISHING AN OBJECTIVE, QUANTIFIED, PREDICTIVE MEASURE OF SCHOOL PERFORMANCE FOR MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN. COMPARATIVE ANALYSES WERE MADE AMONG 3 SUBJECT SAMPLES--(1) A CONTROL GROUP OF 60 NORMAL CHILDREN, (2) AN EXPERIMENTAL GROUP OF 42 MENTAL…

THE PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT WAS TO PRODUCE AND EVALUATE 3 COMPUTER-BASED ECONOMICS GAMES AS A METHOD OF INDIVIDUALIZING INSTRUCTION FOR GRADE 6 STUDENTS. 26 EXPERIMENTAL SUBJECTS PLAYED 2 ECONOMICS GAMES, WHILE A CONTROL GROUP RECEIVED CONVENTIONAL INSTRUCTION ON SIMILAR MATERIAL. IN THE SUMERIAN GAME, STUDENTS SEATED AT THE TYPEWRITER TERMINALS…

RESEARCH IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION HAS PRODUCED VARIED RESULTS, BUT IT IS FELT THAT THE EARLIER THERE IS INTERVENTION INTO UNSATISFACTORY EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, THE MORE EFFECTIVE WILL BE THE EFFORT TO REDUCE EDUCATIONAL DISABILITIES. THIS STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO INVESTIGATE THE NATURE AND DEGREE OF CHANGE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF FOUR-YEAR OLD CHILDREN…

THE READING ACHIEVEMENT OF FOURTH-GRADE STUDENTS WHO WERE TAUGHT WORD RECOGNITION BY EITHER A BASAL APPROACH OR A BASAL APPROACH WITH LINGUISTIC EMPHASIS WAS INVESTIGATED. A SAMPLE OF 10 CLASSROOMS MATCHED ON INTELLIGENCE, CHRONOLOGICAL AGE, AND SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS WAS SELECTED FROM SCHOOL SYSTEMS IN IOWA AND MICHIGAN. THE LORGE-THORNDIKE…

THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF A BATTERY OF ACHIEVEMENT AND INTELLIGENCE TESTS WAS ANALYZED TO ENHANCE THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE BATTERY. CONSTRUCTION OF THE ACHIEVEMENT AND INTELLIGENCE TESTS WAS GUIDED BY A FACET DESIGN. THE RESEARCH HYPOTHESES WERE THAT--(1) STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND ACHIEVEMENT IN THE VARIOUS AREAS TESTED IN THE BATTERY EXIST,…