Reports a study that surveyed college students to identify individuals to whom peers turned as sources of information about AIDS, emphasizing risk behavior, perceptions of condom use, knowledge, and perceptions of sexually transmitted diseases. Results indicated the dynamics of AIDS opinion leadership differed between the sexes. (SM)

Reports a study that examined the physical activity habits of African-American college freshmen at a historically African-American institution. Self-report measures of physical activity and assessment of height and weight indicated males were more active than females. Overall, the students, especially females, had low physical activity levels. (SM)

Examines the social context of schooling of a cohort of 115 black males attending an urban high school between 1986 and 1989. The article draws on chaos theory to explore the systematic methods of avoidance schooling behaviors invoked by these students. It shows how school actions, policies, and procedures resulted in poor academic preparation and…

Examined concurrent and longitudinal relations among adolescents' problem behavior (PB), self-image, and peer relations. Analyses showed age increases correlated with disobedience, school misconduct, substance use, and peer involvement. Longitudinal increases in PB were associated with decreases in positive self-image and increases in peer…

Maintains that cheating is a major concern on college campuses. Presents data from 2,153 upper-division undergraduate students on the frequency of cheating, reasons for cheating, and influence of penalties on cheating. Offers a model that develops an internalized code of ethics to counteract academic dishonesty. (CFR)

British teachers excel in managing students' behaviors during classroom learning activities. The paper examines the major differences between British and American schools for young children, then discusses three factors that influence British teachers' abilities (knowledge of child development, structuring of learning activities, and shaping…

Examined the effects of sex of offender and type of behavior on faculty perceptions of student against faculty sexual harassment, using 313 faculty members from 2 universities. Found that, when the student offender was male, subjects saw the situation as harassment, upsetting, and the student's fault. (JB)

Two studies are reported in which supervisor observations of teachers' performance rate and accuracy were found to result in positive changes in teacher performance and the behaviors of their severely handicapped students (ages 6-21), when compared with baseline supervisor observations that did not specify rate and accuracy feedback. (Author/JDD)

Investigated sex differences in preschoolers' computer interest and computer competence. There was little evidence for greater male interest and competence; in fact, there were no sex differences in computer competence. Boys viewed the computer as male-oriented, and girls viewed it as female-oriented. (GLR)

Investigated the relationship between school-related emotional and behavioral problems and variation in family structure in a sample of eighth graders. Found that among those who exhibited behavioral problems, such problems were two to four times as likely to occur in single-parent or step-families as in intact families and that gender was also a…

Contends that it is important to eliminate negative attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward children and adults with disabilities. Reports on a study of the effect of a unit on the history of treatment of persons with disabilities on 142 nondisabled students enrolled in 7 10th-grade social studies classes. (CFR)

Two studies, each involving four intermediate grade students with learning disabilities, examined the differential effects of attention monitoring and performance monitoring on spelling study behaviors and story writing behaviors. Both interventions had a positive impact; neither was clearly or consistently superior to the other. (Author/JDD)

Describes the Resolving Conflict Creatively Program (RCCP), a student mediation process begun in 1985 as a collaboration between the New York City Public Schools and Educators for Social Responsibility's New York City chapter. RCCP now educates for intergroup understanding, alternatives to violence, and creative conflict resolution among students,…

This study investigated the prediction of the self-reported occurrence of 14 violent events among ethnically diverse eighth graders from psychosocial variables measured in the same youths in seventh grade (tobacco and alcohol use, and demographic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal variables). Data analysis provided support for an extension of…

Describes a qualitative case study of the total classroom environment created by an exemplary whole-language teacher. Emergent categories and member checks indicated that the classroom environment was organized according to three major principles (collaboration, student independence, and student self-evaluation). This classroom environment is…