An investigation of Federal funding for Afro-American related projects for 1978 through 1983 shows that, during this period, research in the areas where Afro-American research is overwhelmingly concentrated--the social sciences and the humanities--has not kept pace with the substantial increases apparent in the funding of research in the…

Inherent limitations on the feasibility of experimentation have made it difficult for investigators to formulate an adequate understanding of individuality as a psychological phenomenon. Recently, Fiske (1979) and Sontag (1971) have suggested that application of a longitudinal or developmental strategy might be of some use in remedying this…

This paper reviews work on the representation of knowledge from within psychology and artificial intelligence. The work covers the nature of representation, the distinction between the represented world and the representing world, and significant issues concerned with propositional, analogical, and superpositional representations. Specific topics…

This study examined problem solving as a function of display type (table/graph) and numeric function (linear/nonlinear) in four problem solving domains. Twenty-two stimulus problems were developed, and line graph and table displays were constructed for each problem. Half of the displays contained linear numeric functions and the other half…

Four conference papers are reviewed in this introduction to a symposium. The first paper is by Clements and Merriman, who make a case for the reflection of Steinberg's information processing componential model of cognitive processes in the LOGO language and computational environment; present a series of experiments that attempted to tailor the…

A two-phase study about skilled memory as it is used by waitresses included a participant-observer phase and an observational phase. Participants were three experienced waitresses who had worked at a midtown Manhattan restaurant for 14, 7, and 3 years respectively and a team of 5 confederate customers. Waitresses and customers wore microphones.…

The present research was carried out in order to determine if, in fact, the performance of anxiety-prone individuals under stress could be improved by instructing them that they have personal control over a stressor. (Author)

Reported are some investigations of the use of discovery learning techniques on retention. (PEB)

Presents a comparison of Teplovian notions of temperament to Western conceptualizations of temperament concluding that if Russian investigators continue to alter their models to fit their empirical results, they will generate productive research which may lead to practical applications more rapidly than the Western style of research. (CS)

One hundred twenty-eight Ss were presented 150 words for study, followed by a two-choice recognition test. (Editor)

The present experiments test two plausible interpretations of the effect of frequency on relative recency judgments. (Editor)

Ringelmann's classic finding - that the addition of co-workers in a rope-pulling task leads to a linear decrement in the individual group member's average performance - was re-examined experimentally. (Editor)

This exploratory study investigates the effects of race and other demographic characteristics (age, marital status, number of children, number of dependent children, and job status) on the self-esteem of 144 black, white and latino female subjects. Predicted differences due to race were confirmed. Marital status and the interaction of marital…

Since not everything that is understood is remembered and not everything that is remembered is understood, models of language processing should be able to make a distinction between comprehension and memory. To this end, a case is made for a spreading activation process as being the essential ingredient of the comprehension process. Concepts…

The implications for education are discussed in an experiment that measured student desire to achieve either at a high or low standard in the classroom. (Editor/RK)