Analysis of the frequency and nature of error and post-error responses in serial choice reaction times of 84 children between 5 and 12 years essentially replicate findings in adults. (Author/MP)

Attempts to provide empirical evidence for a functional correspondence between perception and imagination. Includes a perceptual-control condition in examining visual memory and imagery. (Author/RK)

Interviewees were secretly instructed to answer six questions honestly and six deceptively. Deceptive answers were hesitant and lengthy. Visual presence of the interviewer increased variability in verbal response time and decreased the length of response. Interviewers were able to discriminate between truth and falsehood. Increased hesitation and…

Levitz and Ullmann's research (1969) was replicated, based on the findings that normal subjects can increase their number of uncommon associations in response to instructions and reinforcement. Results show that normals change their responses by means of an editing process and suggests this response is a "symptom" of normal flexibility rather than…

A review of some recent experiments suggested that general similarity between words might successfully function as a structural principle for semantic memory. A spatial model based on that assumption is proposed. The relation of this model to network and set-theoretic models of semantic memory is discussed, as is the relation of this model for…

Longitudinal data on reaction time for children in the Berkeley Growth Study and the Oakland Growth Study were analyzed in terms of relative intraindividual variability. Findings indicated a major maturational and a minor learning component in the improvement of mean performance in simple reaction time with increasing age and experience.…

Developmental changes in 5- to 7-year-old children's mental representation of addition and subtraction events were examined by means of the response times required to answer more or less questions. (Author/JMB)

This study examined the variability of classification by the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF) as a function of grade level medians. MFF classification was highly dependent upon which sample medians were used. Analysis revealed for the majority (65 percent) of children, change in classification was due to change in the median error cutoff.…

The model of the decision system in Murdock's two-stage memory- and-decision model for item recognition is developed and tested. The decision model is shown to be able to fit the accuracy and mean response latency data from four major recognition paradigms (Sternberg, study-test, continuous, and prememorized list). (Author/LMO)

Examines Kail's argument that similarity in developmental speed-of-processing curves for name retrieval and mental rotation indicates that performance on a wide range of cognitive tasks is constrained by growth of a central limiting mechanism. Results suggest that operation of this mechanism is neither sufficient nor necessary to generate the…

A model of information processing has been developed that combines concepts from the study of attention and the study of problem solving. The model has been realized as a computer program and used to simulate a variety of phenomena from the attention and performance literature. (Author/LMO)

Assesses performance of 9-, 13-, and 20-year-olds on 3,840 trials of a mental rotation task in which subjects judged if pairs of stimuli presented in different orientations were identical or mirror images. Results are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms underlying the impact of practice. (Author/NH)

Children's mental performance was studied in the context of arithmetic word problem solution. Response latency and error data indicated subtraction was more difficult than addition. Understanding children's problem solutions in terms of flexible strategy use and the fact that many errors have a systematic basis are important in studying children's…

Ruchalla, Schalt, and Vogel (1985) reported a negative correlation between the g-loadness of intelligence subtests and the extent to which the subtests correlated with reaction times. Possible methodological problems with Ruchalla et al. are described, and results of two other studies pertinent to the issue are discussed. (Author/LMO)

A total of 30 third- and fourth-grade students, ages 8 to 10 years, were observed systematically over two school days to examine the nature of instruction and academic responding time for students at varying levels of teacher-perceived behavioral competence. Findings concerned the relationship between responding times and achievement. (Author/CI)