This paper describes a one-year longitudinal follow up study of the long term effects of role taking training procedures (in which children assumed a number of perspectives) on children's social and cognitive behaviors. Longitudinal and cross-sectional age effects were also analyzed. In an earlier study the effect of two types of role-taking…

This paper briefly reviews how subjects enhance performance by favoring some stimuli over others. The author calls the mechanism by which this is achieved "expectancy", a generic term including preparatory set, behavioral hypotheses, orienting reflex, and anticipatory goal responses. Temporal and event expectancy are contrasted. Verbal prediction…

Arting and loving are treated as primary instances of "creative learning" in this paper. Further, it is maintained that this learning is of such a kind that in it everything must be learned at once, even though it is generally alleged that it cannot be taught at all. The discussion includes topics such as loving and actualization of potential, the…

Psychological and anthropological approaches to the study of human behavior are compared. Strengths and weaknesses of each approach are delineated, and the need for a combination of the two disciplines is stressed. The article focuses on cross-cultural studies of cognition and reviews three recent books in this area. (RD)

Reviews recent experimental and theoretical analyses of the relationship between level of processing and retention, and reports on two studies which tested predictions about the effects of orienting activities on retention. (AM)

Examines the Monitor Model of adult second language acquisition, and presents an alternate model that avoids difficulties inherent in the Monitor Model and that corresponds to contemporary language development theory. (Author/AM)

Scores on the Role Construct Repertory Test exhibited significant correlations with other forms of cognitive functioning, including American College Test scores in science and mathematics for a group of 79 college students. The Grid Form of the test was used. Test-retest reliability was low. (Author/CTM)

In experiments where hypnotized subjects learned one word list while happy or sad, retention proved to be surprisingly independent of the congruence of learning and testing moods. Learning mood provided a helpful retrieval cue and differentiating context only where subjects learned two word lists, one while happy, one while sad. (EJS)

Discusses the nature of the internal representation of cognitive structure, the methodological problems involved in mapping it, and the proposed kinds of "maps." Reviews research on the organization of scientific concepts in semantic memory. (GA)

Evaluates junior high students' understanding of certain aspects of the particle model of matter using a Piaget-type interview. Approximately 70 students from grades seven, eight, and nine in several midwestern schools in the U.S. were interviewed. (HM)

The common developmental problems of young adults--career focus, sex confidence, clarification of beliefs, and separation from parents--provide themes of interest to young adults. Using these themes and the human tendency to problem solve, specific information can be given to improve personal problem-solving skills without psychological games.…

This research was an investigation of the effect on attitudinal and cognitive variables of minority or majority group membership in the classroom. Three categories of schools were selected, with high (80 percent), medium (50 percent), and low (20 percent) enrollments of migrant children, respectively. (Editor/RK)

Suggests that storytelling is the communicational practice used by jurors to organize information, transmit intragroup understanding and guide judgments. Explores the storytelling process for answers to questions about justice. (MH)

This article examined several possible explanations for the negative effect found by Judson, et al., in their experiments which examined the facilitation of problem solving through acquisition of relevant associations. (Author/NCR)