An emerging image of the teacher as "thoughtful professional" suggests the need for researchers to study teachers' and students' cognitions and knowledge, which mediate effective teaching. Provides examples from current research that illustrate the use of cognitional and metacognitional knowledge in the classroom. (Author/BJV)

Differences in performance IQs between deaf children of hearing parents (HP), deaf children of deaf parents (DP), and hearing children (HC) may be a result of differences in speed of information processing. DP adolescents were found to have faster reaction and movement times than HP or HC subjects along with equivalent IQs. (Author/VW)

Discusses the contributions that cognitive psychology can make to the development of instructional designs and systems. Instructional design models for training and educational applications are described, potentials of cognitive engineering are reviewed, and possibilities for improved instructional design are presented, including objectives, kinds…

The study measured hearing-impaired (N=106) students' reception of language presented via five modes: oral, aural, manual, oral-aural;, and simultaneous manual and oral. The simultaneous manual and oral and the manual modes received the highest ratings. Results are discussed in terms of theories of cognitive processing and selective attention.…

Discusses the French educational reforms between 1969 and 1985, examining their effects on the teaching of history and geography, which are mandatory throughout pre-university education. Writing for elementary school teachers, Marbeau considers the construction of knowledge in children aged 6 to 11, in history, geography, and the social sciences.…

Twenty-two undergraduate student teachers participated in a question-answer strategy training program. This study evaluated the effects of that training on teacher questions and learner responses. Methodology and results are reported. (JL)

Three ways in which cognitive psychology can apply to the study of performance discrepancies in learning disabled (LD) students are discussed: explaining variance in test performance, focusing on competence, and revealing processing discrepancies when overt performances of LD and non-LD students are similar. (Author/JW)

Reactions to H. Lee Swanson's paper "Toward a Metatheory of Learning Disabilities" are outlined, and his arguments are applied to reading disabilities, focusing on the importance of the scientific attitude, the misuse of ecological validity, interpretation of Thomas Kuhn's work, modularity and reading disability, and scientific progress…

Elaborates on R. M. Gagne's distinction between lateral and vertical transfer for written composition. Claims that the theory of lateral and vertical transfer as applied to writing is compatible with (1) current conceptions of declarative and procedural cognitive processes and (2) a balanced pedagogy of both student-centered and direct,…

Study of a one-year-old's earliest use of prepositions found that spatial oppositions ("up-down") were learned first, and used in non-prepositional senses prior to prepositional usage. "With,""by,""to,""for,""at," and "of" were learned later and used to express case relationships and more often misused and omitted than the earlier-learned…

Presents three broad areas--writing anxiety, motivation, and beliefs--that seem to be ripe for study in terms of affect, and suggests that the constructivist views refined by George Mandler could be helpful to drive such research. (NH)

Describes pilot study in a high school which assessed the qualitative and quantitative changes which occurred in two severely disabled readers' cognitive processes during strategy training. Results suggested that a qualitative shift in verbal strategy reports occurred during prose recall. Introduction of cognitive training increased recall of…

A study of 52 Spanish-speaking English as a second language college students revealed that the din phenomenon (a form of spontaneous mental rehearsal in which words, sound, and phrases are replayed) was very common among subjects and at all stages of language acquisition. (Author/CB)

Advocates that student affairs professionals who are designing student development programs and services to improve academic achievement, take into consideration the relationships between learning styles and achievement. Developed Inventory of Learning Processes to assess students' learning styles and strategies. Showed that students with high…

Two experiments employed story telling to investigate whether production is adapted to comprehension. Subjects were more likely to specify instruments from stories if the instruments were atypical or important to the story. A mathematical model proposed that instrument concepts may be selected at three stages in the production process. (Author/LMO)