The twenty-first-century economy necessitates, and rewards, higher education credentials and skill development. Earning a high school diploma is a necessary step toward entering the workplace, a fact not lost on education leaders and policymakers. This fact sheet introduces a collection of resources that focus in depth on instructional models and…

This study was designed to examine how three different organizational structures (time, topic, and tool) of a course in an LMS affected learners. The signal available relevant accessible (SARA) theory provided a framework to clearly describe the signals (headers) used to differentiate the three organizational structures. Cognitive load theory…

Confusion is an important epistemic emotion because it can help students focus their attention and effort when solving complex learning tasks. However, unresolved confusion can be detrimental because it may result in students' disengagement. This is especially concerning in simulation environments using discovery-based learning, which puts more of…

The goal of this study is to examine difficulties in and outside the classrooms which are the real obstacles to the writability of teaching and learning in the secondary level Bangladesh system. The secondary level tests writing skills by summary, paragraph, letter, application, story, conversation, composition, report, e-mail etc. Students who…

This paper proposes an online multi-user real-time co-reading (OMURCOR) system to promote the performance of co-reading with collaborative learning. The OMURCOR system utilizes WebSocket to perform synchronization controls on co-reading to allow teachers and students to watch streaming videos together with less delay. Moreover, teachers utilize…

[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Curriculum Development: Theory into Design.] We discuss the theoretical underpinnings that informed the considerations and decisions that shaped the design of a curriculum unit entitled "Electromagnetic radiation--principles, applications, and decisions". This unit is part (45 h) of the…

The Cognition Hypothesis postulates that more cognitively complex tasks can trigger more accurate and complex language production, thereby advancing second language (L2) development. However, few studies have directly examined the relationship between task manipulations and L2 development. To address this gap, this article reviews, via an analytic…

This study aims to examine factors affecting the use of e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This survey study utilized a quantitative approach to understand the relationship variables by using SEM-PLS. An online questionnaire was distributed to collect information from respondents. A total of 250 questionnaires were gathered, and…

This study aims to provide a comprehensive and in-depth investigation of the debugging process in programming teaching in terms of cognitive and metacognitive aspects, based on programming students who demonstrate low, medium, and high programming performance and to propose instructional strategies for scaffolding novice learners in an effective…

Hauptman (2000) proposed a modern view about the easy/difficult nature of second language (L2) reading, proposing five factors: background knowledge, signaling, language, discourse, and length. Little research, however, has explored the hypotheses empirically. To fill this gap, this qualitative case study investigates: 1) What are the factors…

Background: The importance of reading motivation has led to the development of a large number of self-report reading motivation measures; however, there is still a need for a usable measure of adolescent reading motivation that captures a large number of theoretically and empirically distinct constructs. Methods: The current paper details the…

Although multiple agricultural literacy campaigns exist, studies have found many people struggle to grasp agriculture topics. In order to process and learn information, individuals use a limited pool of cognitive resources. When topics or media messages are complex, those resources can be overwhelmed, thus hindering the learning process. Visual…

This study aimed at examining the quality of an English summative test of grade VII in a public school located in Kupang. Particularly, this study examined content validity, reliability, and conducted item analysis including item validity, item difficulty, item discrimination, and distracter effectiveness. This study was descriptive evaluative…

Persistence has proven to be a great challenge in online learning environments. Gaming and interactivity have been suggested as essential features in reducing dropout and increasing persistence in online learning. Yet in interactive game-based learning environments, persistence in moving forward in the game may come at the expense of investing in…

Geometry subject that prosecute students to comprehend abstracts things is one of the causes of students' difficulties in mathematics learning. This study aims to determine the effect of Problem Posing and Problem Solving learning models with the Scientific Approach to students' adaptive reasoning on plane figure materials. It was conducted at the…