Various practical considerations argue against the inclusion of sprinters' starts in research on baseball skills. (MJB)

The nature of the approximate chi-square test for hypotheses concerning multinomial probabilities is reviewed. Also, a BASIC computer program for calculating the sample size necessary to control for both Type I and Type II errors in chi-square tests for hypotheses concerning multinomial probabilities is described.

Four approximate statistical tests are considered for repeated measurement designs in which observations are multivariate normal with arbitrary variance-covariance matrices. (Author/JKS)

The Latin square changeover design method of physical education research is described and its benefits discussed. (JD)

Assignment of subjects to treatment groups on the basis of a covariate is discussed. It is contended that in making such assignments, consideration should be focused on the conditional expectations of the dependent variable given in the covariate in both treatment and control groups. Statistical development and an example are presented. (JKS)

An examination of the strengths and weaknesses of the major types of epidemiologic studies suggests that, although the studies may contribute important knowledge regarding chronic diseases and other conditions, readers must carefully analyze the limitations of study design. (CB)

This elaboration and critique is the final article in a four-part series that presents the empirical foundation, parameters, and applications of a multidimensional model for organizing research on group psychotherapeutic process. (Author)

The author discusses a method to produce a cluster of focused nursing research projects. Her method includes (1) focal topic identification, (2) development, (3) communication, (4) integration, (5) collaboration, and (6) balance. (CH)

A test for multisample sphericity based on the efficient scores criterion is obtained as an alternative to the likelihood ratio test developed by Mendoza. (Author)

Reviewed the 425 articles from five volumes of the Journal of Counseling Psychology (JCP). Results showed around 70 percent included samples obtained from university populations; 54.4 percent specified limitations and 38.44 percent did not. Gelso's response addresses the suggestion that the JCP is basically concerned with academic environments.…

Examined generalizability of treatment studies by comparing solicited and nonsolicited patient groups treated or studied in clinical settings. Findings suggest it may be possible to generate comparable samples in terms of pretreatment symptomatology, however, data are too limited to permit conclusions regarding generalizability of treatment…

This paper discusses the basics of repeated measures designs. Within-subjects designs are compared to between-subjects designs, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each. Further discussion compares a univariate one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the between-subjects ANOVA and multivariate repeated measures ANOVA. Limitations of…

One strategy for discovering the connections between social policy interventions and behavioral outcomes is to conduct social experiments that use random assignment research designs. Although random assignment experiments provide reliable estimates of the effects of a particular policy, they do not reveal how a policy brings about its side…

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) designs typically use what is referred to as crossed design to test for differences between means of groups. In a balanced, or crossed, one-way ANOVA, each student (unit of analysis) would have a score in each of the experimental conditions. In a two-way design, the analysis is considered crossed if each level from one…

The type I error control and power of a number of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and randomized block (RB) designs with curvilinear data were studied for tests of the additive treatment effect and interaction. For tests of additive effects, the analysis was also conducted using systematic assignment to treatments and using random assignment with…