The need for postsecondary educational programs for handicapped people is increasing, and colleges and universities need to provide access to postsecondary education. In addition to providing access, they also need to ensure that handicapped individuals are accommodated in the social and educational environment of college. However, it appears that…

This one-page abstract, was derived from document abstracts listed in "Research on the Effectiveness of Mainstreaming," an ERIC Computer Search Reprint containing bibliographic information and abstracts on more than 120 studies. In the studies reviewed, the role of regular and special education teachers is identified as critical to the…

Eight case studies representing valid and extensive reading research were reviewed to determine the impact of school principals on student reading achievement. In all eight studies, principal leadership behavior was positively associated with reading achievement and school outcomes. Evidence indicated that reading effectiveness was enhanced by…

Effective schools have staffs that stress the importance of educational goals and have a well-defined mission. They also clearly communicate the expectation that all students can and will reach the stated goals. Reviews of studies of exemplary schools find that the principals express high expectations for both teacher and student performance,…

Recent studies at the Center for Educational Policy and Management provide insight into how collective bargaining affects the teaching profession, educational policy, and student achievement. Charles Kerchner's report links a three-stage labor relations model with an analysis of teaching as work. His case studies, besides revealing wide variations…

This annotated bibliography focuses on topics relevant to developing practical applications for community schools--that is, for schools committed to broad community education and involvement. The 192 titles selected have been grouped under 10 characteristics of the ideal community school: (1) community-related curriculum, (2) involvement of…

Based on recent school effectiveness literature, this paper suggests local policies to stimulate and facilitate school reform. After discussing the goals of the effective schools movement and briefly reviewing the literature, it presents a two-phase model for school improvement projects, based on the premise that a school's culture primarily…

This paper describes the complex environment of federal, state, and independent agencies within which school districts operate, and suggests how these agencies, with their demands and resources, can contribute to school improvement when local decision-makers use them for this purpose. Features of these external governance and support systems are…

The effects of teaching on teachers was investigated. Interviews with female elementary school teachers were conducted on a bi-weekly basis during 2 years of data collection. An analysis was made of the relationship between teachers' work experiences over the course of their careers within specific institutional structures, and their perceptions…

The literature was studied to investigate some of the significant factors that affect participation of older persons (aged 60 and over) in educational programs. Focuses of the literature review were economic and geographic background; educational gerontology; the learning environment; physical, physiological and psychological characteristics; and…

This study of recent educational innovation in seven different countries aims to provide an understanding of how innovation and reform can be made to work by focusing on process. Chapter 1 discusses common concerns such as national identity, as well as methodological problems. Chapters 2 and 3 describe the contrastive styles of educational…

Past research and experience have documented considerable variation in what is learned and applied in staff inservice efforts, even for participants in the same workshop. For a study which set out to explain such variation, pre- and post-workshop questionnaires were completed by 349 staff (three-fourths of whom were teachers) who participated in…

This paper reports the results of the final stage of a 30 month study of knowledge use in staff-initiated inservice workshops. In earlier stages of this study, knowledge acquisition, use, and impact correlated with multiple sets of participant, workshop, school, and community characteristics. Based on those results, a refined model was developed…

This paper synthesizes data from two studies of educational change to describe how school contextual factors influenced teacher involvement and how principals reduced those influences. The first study, involving 14 schools representing a mixture of levels and types of areas served, began in 1979 and spanned 3 school years; the second study, which…

This report on the educational concerns of Hispanic Americans is part of a four-part study of minority education in the United States by the National Education Association (NEA). Data were gathered from site visits to a wide variety of urban schools and programs, and from the testimony of representatives of community organizations, the U.S. Bureau…