Cost-effectiveness represents an attempt to apply one methodology to decision-making in education. Three recent trends in the behavioral and social sciences are apparent: Rationalization in the decision process, institutionalization of research in education, and the beginning of a general theory of organizational behavior. The problem posed is how…

The broad objective of this investigation was to explore the potential and applicability of automatic methods for the indexing of drug-related information appearing in English natural language text and to find out what can be learned about automatic indexing in general from the experience. More specific objectives were the development,…

The basis of the measurable institutional objectives approach to management by objectives is the college's educational philosophy. The output measures used are the units completed and grade averages. It is recognized, however, that some student learnings and support program objectives are currently unmeasurable. The Sample Class Plan for…

This report projects employment by industry for 1980, in order to provide a framework for an occupational outlook program. Included are detailed projections of the labor force, aggregate and industry demand, output, employment, and occupational projections. A 4.3 percent growth rate is projected for gross national product, reflecting an increased…

Most educational management systems currently define organizational roles in terms of the operations to be performed. A more efficient manner of organization might be one that operates in terms of objectives to be reached. One way of implementing such a problem solving structure, would be to assign a particular problem to administrative personnel…

To provide meaningful experiences for their members, organizations (educational as well as noneducational) must (1) insist on congruence between stated goals and actions to achieve those goals, (2) seek the best in people and respect individuality, (3) create an accurate understanding of and empathy with those involved in the organization, and (4)…

The construction cost estimate, often expressed as an absolute cost, leads to misunderstanding between client, designers, and builders. If estimates are to be used as adequate cost indicators, their probabilistic nature must be recognized and they must be expressed not as absolute numbers but in terms of a number with some indication of the…

Discusses areas needing revision in the manual "Output Measures for Public Libraries," i.e., measurement objectives, research skills of output measures users, management versus research contexts, relating inputs to outputs, problems in data collection, user versus library performance, sample sizes, interpretation of output measure…

The optimum number of assistants needed in a specified dental office was determined by simulation. (MU)

Article describes a systems analysis model for large educational enterprises, which prominently employs instructional objectives. (Author)

This article collates some of the existing notions about the outcomes of organizational activity into an output analysis framework and implications for organizational practice are drawn. (Author/MF)

A "second best" approach, reintroducing educational productivity analyses into school finance reform strategies, may help to promote efficiency in the provision of educational services. The limitations of analysis models and measurement of equity and efficiency are discussed. (Author/CM)

Cognitive and noncognitive outputs are surveyed, as well as the effects of inputs on outputs. Groups of student inputs include background characteristics, school-related characteristics, and attitudes. School inputs include conditions and instructional personnel. The literature is surveyed by population samples, data aggregation, and statistical…

A newly developed input/output method for comparing the efficiency of urban elementary schools is presented. The method results in the identification of efficient and inefficient schools and provides management information relative to input and output measures. (Author/IRT)

An approach to human performance based on economic concepts is described; the human system employs utility considerations to determine allocation of its limited resources. The efficiency of those resources in performance depends on parameters characterizing the task and the performer. Models and interpretations of dual task performance are…