Only three percent of Brazilians are estimated to speak English despite the status of this language as a mandatory subject in grades 10 to 12 of basic education and preferred foreign language in grades 5 to 9. This paper will analyse possible reasons for this fact. The widespread concept in the Brazilian society that speaking English is beneficial…

Success in language learning has generally been attributed to students' motivation. However, beyond motivation is grit, a psychological construct that has rarely been mentioned in language learning research. This study therefore aimed to investigate the grit of 171 Thai students studying English as a Foreign Language (EFL), and the factors that…

Academic motivation has been a mushrooming issue in educational research. Geared under social cognitive theory, this study was designed to investigate the dynamics of students' academic motivation. A qualitative approach and a grounded theory were employed in this study. One-hundred-and-two students (henceforth, participants) from teacher training…

To explore new opportunities to promote self-regulated learning (SRL) across a variety of contexts, this study applies a novel assignment called Pink Time in seven different courses at two universities. The assignment asks students to "skip class, do anything you want, and give yourself a grade." In each case, instructors adapted Pink…

This research used the expectancy-value theory to examine the extent to which three classes of motivation antecedents predicted secondary-school students' expectancies of success in English. To this end, it investigated four general motivation orientations, two school-related achievement motives, as well as autonomous and controlled reasons…

Two concepts of multilingualism that relate to the selves aspect of Dörnyei's (2009) L2 motivational self system (L2MSS) are highlighted in this article: Thompson's concept of "perceived positive language interaction" (PPLI) and Henry's notion of the "ideal multilingual self." With the dynamic model of multilingualism informing…

Motivation for reading is important to comprehension and has been studied extensively in offline reading contexts. However, we know little about the role of motivation in online reading, a new and increasingly important context for reading. This is largely because we lack valid and reliable instruments to estimate a student's motivation for online…

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of extrinsic motivational factors on upper elementary students who are reading at least two grade levels below their current grade. Research was conducted using a mixed methods approach to examine the perceptions of 3rd, 4th, and 5th grade students who have difficulty in reading. A purposeful…

Primary students who struggle to read need incentive to redirect their mindset back onto the productive path of daily reading. Reading is daunting to the youngest readers who experience difficulties because the act of reading is difficult and tiresome. Effective reading engagement programs motivate these readers to read on a daily basis and…

In this study, the authors are concerned about influencing factors on mobile learning tools for the applicable and sustainable mobile learning environment. The authors proposed an impact model with five influencing factors namely usefulness, interactivity, motivation, facilitating conditions, and ease of use. The 60 students and 60 teachers in…

Typical lists of core competencies for undergraduates feature written communication, critical thinking and information literacy, among others, but merely presume, leaving unstated, the bedrock importance of "reading" skills. Lifelong learning, a dedication to which is part of practically all mission or aspirational statements, includes…

The aim of the research, which adopted scanning model was to examine the motivations of the wrestlers who compete in the Turkish national team in terms of some variables such as age, gender, weight, height and their past in sports. The participants of the research were selected randomly on voluntary basis among women and men athletes in the…

While interest in active avoidance has recently been resurgent, many concerns relating to the nature of this form of learning remain unresolved. By separating stimulus and response acquisition, aversive Pavlovian-instrumental transfer can be used to measure the effect of avoidance learning on threat processing with more control than typical…

Through genetic tracing, the origins of a person and who their ancestors are can be traced scientifically even though over time their genes have evolved following ecological changes. Likewise, a person's ideas can be traced where the origin comes from through memetic tracing. This article discusses case studies in several works which are assumed…

Background: Despite a vast literature linking in-home firearm access to youth suicides, few studies have examined whether and how "gaining" access to household firearms shapes adolescents' development of suicidal ideation. Objective: This study examined whether gaining access to household firearms among U.S. adolescents is associated…