This discussion of the historically dependent dispositions influencing prosocial behavior includes both a brief summary of the present state of knowledge regarding individual orientations to prosocial behavior, and a critical examination of the form that research has taken to date. (JM)

This research examines one aspect of leader behavior and a personality characteristic of the subordinate, i.e. authoritarianism and how they relate to the attitudes and performance of the subordinate. (Author)

Distinctive theoretical features characterizing research in the area of the self-concept are related to investigations into the nature of the black self-concept; a modification of Mead's symbolic interactional approaches is developed; the epistemologic grounding of the research reviewed makes it inapplicable to blacks. (Author/JM)

Findings suggest that peer censure may often be an effective means of counteracting the influence of a aggressive model. However, the effectiveness may be lessened under conditions where the individual who urges restraint on the part of others fails to demonstrate this characteristic in his own behavior. (RB)

Results indicate that the achievement motivation and the debilitating anxiety of the child manifest themselves in the social interaction patterns both within the family and within the classroom. (Authors)

Role-taking, a prototypical social-cognitive skill, is the ability to view the world (including the self) from another's perspective. (Author/MB)

Findings are discussed in the light of social-learning theory. (Authors)

Results failed to confirm the findings of previous investigators, which showed anal retentives to be superior in verbal recall. (Authors)

Study examined word associations from the perspective of cognitive level and thought processes. (Authors/MB)

Presents the results of a study of cognitive components in the diagnostic thinking process in which a content analysis of interviews between patients and clinical medical students, house officers, and graduate medical students revealed 14 categories of cognitive activity in the process. Six tables and a reference list are included. (Author/JL)

Parallels are drawn between T. S. Kuhn's theory of scientific revolutions and George Kelly's personal construct systems. Personal construct psychology is depicted as a particularly innovative approach to adult learning with implications for: (1) the philosophy of lifelong learning; (2) the importance of experience; (3) recognition of individual…

Discusses laws and general characteristics of normal memory, specifying how exceptional memory feats deviate from and contradict them. Also discusses research in support of the assertion that normal memory structure is sufficient to explain exceptional memory feats, if differences in practice and prior experiences are taken into account.…

Looks at developments in television production research as reflected in a current series of conferences. Nineteen references are listed. (LLS)

A list of 105 adjectives which describe affective qualities of environments was developed and presented to 323 subjects. Factor analysis of subjects' ratings produced two bipolar factors that correlated with reactions of arousal and pleasure to various environments. (Author/WB)