The aim of this study was to investigate the locomotor activity and anxiety changes in acute and chronic exposure to cigarette smoke in mice. In the chronic exposure group, mice were exposed to the smoke of 10 cigarettes for 5 days a week, over 5 consecutive weeks. In the acute group, the mice were exposed to the smoke of 10 cigarettes in one day.…

The efficacy of attention training paradigms is influenced by many factors, including the specificity of targeted cognitive processes, accuracy of outcome measures, accessibility to specialized populations, and adaptability to user capability. These issues are increasingly significant when working with children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental…

Purpose: This study investigated the impact of lexical characteristics on the intelligibility of speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD). Intelligibility was compared for listening in a quiet versus a noisy environment. Method: A total of 192 young listeners participated in the study, with 96 listeners listening in quiet and 96 listening in noise…

Artificial linguistic systems (ALSs) offer many potential benefits for second language acquisition (SLA) research. Nonetheless, their use in experiments with posttest-only designs can give rise to internal validity problems depending on the baseline that is employed to establish evidence of learning. Researchers in this area often compare…

In a series of three experiments, I investigated the emergence of conditioned seeing, defined as delayed drawing responses, as a potential component of bidirectional naming (BiN) for unfamiliar stimuli, which was defined in this study as the emergence of untaught listener and speaker responses following a naming experience with school-aged…

Bullying is one of the most common yet tolerated forms of violence. "BREAKAWAY" is an educational game purposefully designed to use entertainment-education and digital gaming to help youth around the world to learn about different types of bullying and coping strategies. This dissertation reports the design and results of a pilot study…

There is limited robust evidence of the effectiveness of professional development (PD) on teacher retention. This study tested The Academy for Teachers' PD program, a content-focused intensive workshop with complementary events. This program is designed to impact teacher retention, support integration of material into the classroom and teacher…

The attrition of Black males in higher education has garnered much attention within recent years. Subsequently, programming specific to this issue has been developed to intervene; however, there is very little research that has captured the impact of such initiatives. The current study employed a mixed methods approach to evaluate the effect a…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of preliminary reports showing that glottal aerodynamic measures can identify pathophysiological phonatory mechanisms for phonotraumatic and nonphonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction, which are each distinctly different from normal vocal function. Method: Glottal aerodynamic measures…

The What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) uses the term "baseline equivalence" when determining if the intervention group (those that received the intervention of interest) and the comparison group (those that did not receive the intervention) had characteristics that were similar enough ("equivalent") at the start of the study (at…

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of verb argument complexity on verb production in individuals with aphasia using a verb-final language. The verb-argument complexity was examined by the number of arguments (1-, 2-, and 3-place) and the types of arguments (unaccusative vs. unergative comparisons). Fifteen Korean-speaking…

By creating and analyzing matched samples, researchers can simplify their analyses to include fewer covariate variables, relying less on model assumptions, and thus generating results that may be easier to report and interpret. When two groups essentially "look" the same, it is easier to explore their differences and make comparisons…

The practices of education and teaching are of paramount importance for the representatives of our future, children. Therefore, every nation is constantly seeking for more sustainable and more efficient education practices for its own future. Knowing that digital technology world is being frequently used by students, applying the use of this…

The present study examines the impacts of cooperative learning on the motivation for 72 second-year Vietnamese higher education students in the Research Methods in Education over the nine-week course. Seventy-two students were allocated into two smaller groups of 36 students. The same lecturer was assigned to teach these two groups of students.…

The study explored the self-esteem levels of Junior High School students in Ghana. The researchers used designed classroom activities with local sociocultural themes to improve students' self-esteem levels. Also, we examined students' gender difference and association with their self-esteem scores. A total number of 40 students were selected using…