We systematically compared two coding approaches to generate training datasets for machine learning (ML): (1) a holistic approach based on learning progression levels; and (2) a dichotomous, analytic approach of multiple concepts in student reasoning, deconstructed from holistic rubrics. We evaluated four constructed response assessment items for…

Many educational researchers and teachers have agreed that language can be fostered in the context of science teaching. However, the effect of language fostering has depended heavily on teacher's perception. Recognizing the role of teaching (including Physics teaching) in language training will help teachers become conscious while designing…

The periodic table is an essential topic in the teaching and learning of science at all education levels, as it contains information about the main physical and chemical properties of the different elements constituting the matter. However, becoming familiar with the facts behind the periodic table such as the element names and/or symbols, their…

The study examined the effect of context-based learning (CBL) and gender influence on chemistry students' acquisition of integrated science process skills (ISPS). Two research questions guided the study. This study used a quasi-experimental research design with a sample of 192 participants who had an average age of 15. Three instruments were used…

An important step in learning to use math in science is learning to see symbolic equations not just as calculational tools, but as ways of expressing fundamental relationships among physical quantities, of coding conceptual information, and of organizing physics knowledge structures. In this paper, I propose "anchor equations" as a…

Background: A key aspect of STEM learning is the use of visual representations for problem solving. To successfully use visuals, students need to make sense of how they show concepts and to fluently perceive domain-relevant information in them. Adding support for sense making and perceptual fluency to problem-solving activities enhances students'…

In this study, we document pre-service teachers' (PSTs) opportunities to learn about planning for equitable and ambitious instruction during clinical placements. We also test whether these opportunities vary by the level of participants' perceived congruence between the vision of science teaching supported in their university coursework and the…

The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two learning methodologies in a Plant Tissue Culture course of a Biotechnology degree--lecture-based and hybrid project-based learning--in which a project assignment was included. The effectiveness of these two systems was compared based on the students' knowledge…

This paper illustrates a year-long case study investigating in-service teachers' needs and mentor's practices in implementing cutting-edge research science topics as nanotechnology and plastics in the ocean in primary education. In a Community of Learners design and with the support of a mentor, ten primary teachers implemented in 6th grade…

Research has demonstrated that gesture produced during conversation can provide insights into scientific thinking and can aid scientific communication in adults and school-aged children. However, to date, there has been a limited exploration into the role of gesture in supporting young children's science communication, and how this is underpinned…

Plants are crucial parts of ecosystems but are traditionally considered boring and difficult by students. It is therefore not clear whether factual knowledge about plants contributes to building positive attitudes and interest in botany. We investigated whether factual knowledge about monocotyledonous plants is associated with secondary students'…

Relevancy, or how learners perceive science and technology (S&T) as important to their current and future lives, has grown in importance internationally. The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of The Bahamas has stated that cultivating students' science relevancy for all students, regardless of gender (male/female), or socioeconomic…

Students' argumentation skills are considered a central tool to contribute to scientific controversies in the science classroom. Scientific controversies of social relevance (socioscientific issues; SSI) are subject to multiple viewpoints that are often rooted in diverse disciplines. However, the relationship between issue familiarity and…

This article explores some of the links that can be made to the science curriculum through learning outdoors with bushcraft and Forest School activities. It focuses particularly on students who are otherwise disengaged with learning, or who have relatively complex needs that mean they find traditional education more challenging.

This research aimed to determine and develop 8th grade students' views on the demarcation between science and pseudoscience. In this context, the study was designed with convergent parallel design which is a mixed research method. The study group for the quantitative dimension was composed of 32 8th graders in a secondary school in Akdeniz…