The communicative approach to translation seeks to bring a text to a new audience, to be assimilated in its new environment. The semantic approach views the text as a cultural artifact, borrowed from its original environment, to be displayed or studied. Translations are usually semantic, not communicative, because few translators are truly…

Investigates the assumption that sentences comprise a presupposition and an assertion. The projection problem for presuppositions is reduced to a property of presuppositions; intersentential relations are systematized, dependent on presupposition and negation; certain syntactic structures and lexical items are analyzed in terms of these relations.…

In the present study, the development of the ability to differentiate among various kinds of word meaning was explored with children from the eighth and eleventh grades as subjects. (Editor/RK)

Author presented a summary of the major conclusions drawn by Eleanor Rosch in the previous article in this edition of the Journal of Experimental Psychology and critically evaluated them. (RK)

A technique is demonstrated whereby an implicit semantic feature can be related to a grammatical alternative (pronoun-antecedent assignment) and thereby made explicit. It is also demonstrated that pragmatic, syntactic and other semantic features interact in an orderly way with this implicit feature of causality in verbs. (RC)

A total of 271 items--words, phrases and affixes--were added to the common Spanish dictionary in the period between October and December 1974. This article lists the principal additions, each organized within a larger semantic category. (Text is in Spanish.) (TL)

Kinship systems and their place in language are discussed. (RM)

Polar interrogative sentences differ from declarative sentences in terms of illocutionary forces and the linguistic analysis of their meaning. It is possible to isolate small numbers of syntactic and semantic categories and an unlimited number of illocutionary forces resulting from their interaction with the total situation. (CK)

In two studies, systematic semantic manipulations were made on a noun for unmodified transitive sentences which underwent active to passive transformations in a communicatively sterile context, and variations of animatedness on the noun constituted significant semantic properties in perceiving sentences that underwent transformation. (Author/KM)

It is argued that among English sensation referents there is a primacy of vision referents for syntactic, semantic and morphological phenomena. (RM)

A bilingual dictionary must be more accurate in definitions than a monolingual. This paper touches on problems of transference between languages, linguistic "cannibalism," and lexical versus connotative meaning. (CK)

A study investigated the combinatorial semantics of nouns and verbs in sentences: specifically, the phenomenon of meaning adjustment under semantic strain, in an effort to discover whether there are orderly processes of adjustment, and if so, to describe them. The study comprised three experiments. Experiments 1 and 2, tested the hypothesis that…

A strategy is presented for explaining (and discerning) subtle differences in two words that appear to be semantic twins in one context but are not interchangeable in another context. This strategy suggests the following: (1) list several phrases that contain one of the problem words, then swap the second word for the first; (2) examine the…

The two major schools of thought concerned with the meaning of proper names, i.e., the direct-reference or referrential/causal theory, and the description theory, are outlined, and new arguments are presented for a strong version of the second of these theories. The referential theory takes the meaning of the name as being the same as its…

A discussion of verb intransitivization in English grammar looks at different verb classes that allow or do not allow this phenomenon. The semantic primitive of involvement is a phenomenon that attempts to find related features in sentences where intransitivization occurs. Semantic involvement patterns are assigned in the subject or direct object…