The amount of protein needed by athletes is an area of controversy. Some researchers are studying the claims that protein supplements stimulate muscle growth. Others are examining the protein needs of endurance and strength athletes. However, few studies have controlled for the right mix of nutrition and exercise variables. (Author/SM)

Provides a rationale for maximum power training and plyometrics as conditioning strategies for cross-country runners, examining: an evaluation of training methods (strength training and maximum power training and plyometrics); biomechanic and velocity specificity (role in preventing injury); and practical application of maximum power training and…

The leap of a grasshopper is used as an introduction to the capabilities of muscle, using Newton's laws of motion and other standard equations as the basis of the study. (Author/PEB)

This article discusses the beneficial aspects of isokinetics--resistive exercise that varies according to the individual's skeletal leverage. (JS)

This study was made to determine which body parts or segments contribute most in throwing a baseball for speed. (JS)

The role of the strength factor in the accomplishment of precision tasks was investigated. Forty adult males weight trained to develop physical strength in several muscle groups, particularly in the elbow flexor area. Results indicate a decrease in incidence of accuracy concurrent with an increase in muscle strength. This suggests that in order to…

Analysis of the human and mechanical factors inherent in ergometry suggest many strategies for the improvement of experiments related to exertion. The resistive principles of gravitation, friction, elasticity, viscosity, magnetism, and inertia used in ergometers impose different restraints on experiments. The suitability of different resistive…

This study was designed to construct a gross muscular strength test battery for girls 6-9 years of age in grades 1-3. The subjects for this investigation were a random sample of 183 girls in grades 1-3 of the public schools of Natchitoches, Louisiana. The variables selected were 22 cable tension strength tests developed by Clarke and associates.…

This booklet is divided into seven sections that include the following topics: (a) physical performance, (b) adaptation to inactivity and activity, (c) physiological and medical motives for regular physical activity, (d) training, (e) physical fitness for everyday life, and (f) testing physical fitness and condition. Section one discusses energy…

The size of the exercising muscle is critical in the determination of the maximal physiological response to exercise. (MM)

Investigations of static strength and relative endurance of the grip muscles of women athletes revealed that mean endurance time was significantly greater than for men. Results were discussed in light of evidence suggesting possible sex differences in muscle hypertrophy, capillarization of muscle tissue, critical occluding tension level, and…

Rope jumping is a good, all-around, physical exercise, promoting cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. (MJB)

Case studies indicate that the cosmetic athlete, who exercises primarily to attain or maintain an attractive physical appearance, may overwork unconditioned muscles and stress the spine and other structures. (Author/CB)