The norms of social responsibility and reciprocity govern altruistic behavior. Children and adults show a consistent developmental trend in comparisons of their responses to positive reciprocal situations and their subsequent altruism. Research indicates, however, that children, given the choice to behaviorally aid a needy individual, choose more…

It is argued that the current theoretical orientation of motor behavior research toward information processing is only at the descriptive level. An outline of requirements for motor behaviorists to discover the mental operations that precede motor performance is presented. It is suggested that unless basic knowledge is obtained on how movement…

Some children exhibit a pattern of debilitating behavior characterized as helplessness. Within an achievement context, such children can be observed to initiate few constructive activities, to work with little intensity on those activities already attempted, and to persist at a task only moderately--especially following failure. A stratified…

Shared group consciousness among individuals of ascriptively deprived social categories acts to mobilize strongly identified group members, suggesting that old age identifiers among elderly Americans should also participate in politics at higher rates than those found for non-identified older people. Survey data from both the 1972 and 1976…

THE FOCUS OF THIS STUDY WAS ON LOCATING REGULARITIES OR COMMON ELEMENTS IN HIGH SCHOOL SITUATIONS WHICH MIGHT BE ASSOCIATED WITH SCHOOL DAMAGE BY CHILDREN. RESEARCH WAS CENTERED UPON THE FOLLOWING STUDY ELEMENTS--(1) THE NATURE OF AN ACT OF VANDALISM, (2) THE SOCIOPSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CHILDREN INVOLVED, (3) THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT…

CONCEPTS AND METHODS FOR THE DESCRIPTION OF THE CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR SETTING ARE DEVELOPED THROUGH THE USE OF PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES FROM ECOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY. THE ECOLOGICAL SUBUNITS WITHIN A THIRD-GRADE CLASSROOM SETTING WERE IDENTIFIED AND THE QUALITIES OF THESE SUBUNITS WERE SPECIFIED. THE SYSTEM, DEVELOPED QUALITATIVELY, DESCRIBES THE…

INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR IN HUMAN INFANCY HAVE RAISED MANY RESEARCH ISSUES AND HAVE INDICATED MANY ADDITIONAL AREAS OF INQUIRY. EARLY AND CONTEMPORARY STUDIES HAVE BOTH BEEN CONCERNED WITH PROVIDING MORE PRECISE ANALYSES OF STIMULUS AND SITUATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL…

The use of an observational assessment instrument designed for autistic children is described. The Behavior Rating Instrument for Autistic and other Atypical Children (BRIAAC) measures behavior in eight developmental areas: relationship to an adult, communication, drive for mastery, vocalization and expressive speech, sound and speech reception,…

A study of the use of "proteksia," a system of securing personal influence in Israel, is discussed in this article and is related to concepts of intercultural ethics. The information on the study is taken from an article "On Proteksia," by B. Danet and H. Hartman, focusing on "proteksia" as it relates to bureaucratic…

A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the Ramirez and Castaneda rating scale used to distinguish ethnic behaviors in schools and to generate a more comprehensive scale for identifying those behaviors. Two hundred and sixty two elementary school children and 39 teachers from Spanish bilingual and English as a Second Language…

Since the phenomenon of reabuse is postulated as being more probable after initial child abuse than is the probability of an initial abuse and since only modest inquiry has been directed at this phenomenon, research was conducted to answer two questions: Is there patterning to reabuse? And if so, is this different in metro and nonmetro…

This research project examines mobility, satisfaction and power relations in black middle class families. The variables discussed are: (1) mobility patterns over three generations; (2) family structure; (3) the kinship help network; (4) decision-making patterns in the family; and (5) the level of satisfaction with their present family situation.…

Four treatment procedures were evaluated for effectiveness in reducing self injurious behavior (SIB) of 22 severely handicapped students. Treatment procedures included contingent restraint, reinforcement withdrawal, differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior, and ommission training (rewarding the S for not emitting the SIB response).…

The effect of testing on student retention was investigated to determine if it was the actual test taking, the prior preparation for the test, or the combination of studying for and taking the test which actually affected retention. Subjects were undergraduate students (N=90) who were divided into two different study conditions, i.e., test and…

The validity of an automated experimental system incorporating a computer mediator for resolving conflicting requests to speak among four-member problem-solving teams was assessed. Learning how to use problem-solving strategies was affected by this new method for facilitating participation in dialogue. Strategy learning among shy and assertive…