Background: Argumentation, the justification of claims with reasons and/or evidence, has emerged as a significant goal in science education in recent years. Yet, there is limited understanding of secondary students' arguments and particularly their use of warrants in interdisciplinary contexts such as science and religious education. Furthermore,…

The number of studies analyzing chemistry textbooks has steadily increased over the years and has notably surged in the past decade. In this literature review, we examine the research literature on chemistry textbooks. The review spans 40 years of research (from 1981 to 2021) and includes 79 studies published in over 20 different journals,…

Representations constitute an important part of chemistry knowledge. This paper revisits the notion of the term, symbolic, in the chemistry triangle proposed by Johnstone using the theoretical lens of social semiotics. In doing so, this paper proposes a framework of chemistry learning that highlights representational re-description and…

We have developed new rotors that can be classified into three groups by changing the rotors used in simple motors into various types. Group I has a semicircular shape rather than a perfect circle or square shape, group II has a structure consisting of several closed circles on one plane, and group III has a three-dimensional shape. We wanted to…

One of the critical goals of teaching chemistry is to enable learners to gain conceptual understanding. Traditional instruction has often been associated with rote memorisation, resulting in learners failing to explain observed chemical phenomena, make predictions based on acquired concepts, advance convincing arguments, and engage in meaningful…

Understanding the general ideas and methods of detecting molecular structures is essential in high school chemistry. However, there is a need for more practical activities in teaching. A hands-on activity was designed in this study, which uses flexible foam balls and long sticks such as knitting needles to imitate how scientists construct the 3D…

Natural hazards pose global risks making it essential to incorporate risk perception and response strategies into science curricula. This study analyzed the distribution of risk perception and response indicators for natural hazards--including earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, landslides, floods, droughts, volcanoes, wildfires, storms, and extreme…

Ventura, California's 2023 winter storm activity underscored the impact that runoff has on recreational water quality and public health. To examine public perception of stormwater runoff, coastal water quality, and community decision-making toward recreating in polluted water, an online survey of the Ventura River watershed community determined…

This study aims at exploring the role of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in scientific inquiry and giving some implications for teaching scientific inquiry by examining the interactions between secondary students and AI during the design of open-ended physics experiments. A generative AI assistant was developed to support this process and…

Background/purpose: Practical work is a key component of science education that can contribute to comprehensive learning and scientific literacy. This study presents the results of an Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) approach using a DNA extraction practice with 4th-year secondary education Spanish students. The findings highlight significant…

Noticing the inconsistency in previous studies of gender differences in learning physics, it was determined to check whether a gender gap exists in a relatively large sample of competitors (N = 12,966) from Serbia. The aim of the research presented here was to analyze the achievements of male and female lower secondary school students, competitors…

Background: The urgent need for a stronger STEM workforce to keep the United States competitive globally has propelled policymakers and researchers to mandate for more STEM education. Although extant evidence suggests that students benefit from both formal in-school and informal out-of-school time STEM learning, there is a dearth of research…

Big ideas in science education are meant to be interpretive frameworks that empower student learning. Unfortunately, outside of the broad conception of scientific evaluation, there are few theoretical explanations of how this might happen. Therefore, we contribute one such explanation, an instructional concept called integrative analysis wherein…

The use of artificial intelligence has played an important role in science teaching and learning. The purpose of this study was to fill a gap in the current review of research on AI in science education (AISE) in the early stage of education by systematically reviewing existing research in this area. This systematic review examined the trends and…

Background: In learning astronomy, students need to shift between 3D and 2D representations involving complex interactions between the body and material environment. Little attention has been paid to the iconic nature of this astronomical diagramming. Purpose: This research explored the value for students of diagramming to reveal the structural…