The purpose of the eight studies reported in this paper was two-fold: to identify some of the relationships that exist between the unique properties of diagrams and various aspects of cognitive processes and learning, and, subsequently, to derive principles from these relationships that would direct the design and use of diagrams in the classroom.…

A pilot program was conducted to determine the efficacy of providing 32 preschoolers at high risk for learning disabilities with structured, individualized instruction to supplement their regular kindergarten experiences. Ss were selected on the basis of developmental screening and diagnostic tests. Ss were enrolled in the V-M (visual input-motor…

This paper reviews research on pictorial stimulus complexity in instructional materials, examining still iconic visuals in particular. Five phases are proposed to assist in the integration of this research for generating useful hypotheses: (1) establishment of methodological and conceptual criteria; (2) collection of relevant literature; (3)…

THIS STUDY INVOLVED THE IDENTIFICATION OF (1) RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN REINFORCEMENT AND PHYSICAL COMPONENTS OF COMPLEX PICTORIAL STIMULI IN DISCRIMINATION LEARNING AND (2) VARIABLES RELATED TO PRIOR EXPERIENCE WITH PICTORIAL STIMULI USED IN DISCRIMINATION LEARNING. LINE SHAPES WERE USED AS STIMULI. THESE SHAPES WERE VARIED BY ADDING SOME LINES THAT…

Gestalt theory deals with the act of thinking and the construction of concepts in a situated manner, and, therefore, could be used to study how meaning is extracted from a visual display. Using the Gestalt framework of form cues and their usage patterns in the perception of, and learning from, visual media, researchers could study frame, line…

This discussion of the information-processing model of learning as it relates to research in educational media traces research in conceptual organization to its beginnings in mathematical models of information-processing; addresses research hypotheses concerning structure and organization, processes and processing systems, and perceptual cues; and…

This study investigating the use of visual cueing strategies within a self-paced instructional unit employed and modified an instructional unit on the human heart developed by Francis M. Dwyer. This unit and its accompanying tests were designed to assess visual learning in terms of student achievement on drawing, identification, terminology, and…

The purpose of this study was to determine if five-year-old children displaying high or low ability to process visual information exhibited the same high-low ability in proficiency of motor tasks which were dependent upon visual information for successful completion. The subjects were 40 five-year-old children who were required to pass a visual…

This reports the effects of the number of relevant stimulus dimensions and figural versus verbal stimuli on the concept learning ability of college students. Results force a consideration of mediational variables in explaining this form of cognitive learning. A set of verbal materials analogous to a set of dimensionalized figural materials was…

This is a bibliography of books and scholarly journal articles dealing with cross cultural differences in visual perception, as well as with related areas of study. The 533 citations are arranged alphabetically by author. Among the related references cited are a number of general works on perception and visual psychology. (GC)

A total of 320 subjects in five grades (two, four, six, eight, ten) and from two types of school settings (middle-class and disadvantaged) were studied. Subjects learned eight-pair lists of familiar nouns in a standard paired-associates task. Each subject learned two lists, one presented visually and the other, aurally. Performance on the visual…

This investigation estimates the magnitude of the relationship between social class and visual information processing rates, and compares the development curves of processing rate for advantaged and disadvantaged children. Subjects were grade school children in a metropolitan area of southwestern Michigan. Estimates of the information processing…

The relationship between visual recognition memory and performance on a paired-associate task for good and poor readers was investigated. Subjects were three groups of 21, 21, and 22 children each, with mean IQ's of 98.2, 108.1, and 118.0, respectively. Three experimental tasks, individually administered to each subject, measured visual…

Results of two studies testing the effectiveness of the Visual-Linguistic Reading Program (Group A) as compared with that of a basal program using an overhead projector (Group B) and a basal program not using an overhead projector (Group C) are reported. Children from three cities in Minnesota, Florida, and California, 1,800 in the first study and…