Differences in students' practice behaviors and perceptions of the motivational climate were studied with 109 seventh and eighth graders in physical education classes manipulated to be ego- or task-involved. Students perceived the conditions differently, and those in the task-involved condition completed more practice trials. (SLD)

This study reports behavioral and cognitive stability and change in 76 children with autistic spectrum disorders, evaluated at ages 7 and 11. Verbal IQ, performance IQ, severity of autistic characteristics, and social characteristics were analyzed. The study found that IQ and more severe expression of autistic symptoms were very stable. (CR)

Behaviors of effective experienced teachers, including their cognitive processes, were studied through a two-round modified Delphi study that involved 51 Connecticut educators. Delphi results led to construction of two Likert-type questionnaires completed by 1,837 teachers. The importance of 70 teaching behaviors was ranked with good content…

Studied the link between specific sexual behaviors, HIV testing, levels of knowledge and personal vulnerability regarding HIV, and alcohol and condom use among college students. A significant portion (33.9%) of students stated that they were at risk for HIV and 25.4% reported that they had been tested for HIV. Includes a copy of the behavior…

The online searching behavior of 170 nonacademic end users (journalists and politicians) was evaluated and compared to the searching behavior of information professionals. Findings discuss ways in which end user behavior does and does not conform information professionals' preconceptions and how searching behavior is related to levels of…

Used prospective longitudinal design to ascertain whether different types of behavioral inhibition were stable from toddler to preschool age, and whether inhibited temperament or parenting style predicted children's subsequent social/behavioral problems. Found that traditional and peer-social toddler inhibition predicted socially reticent behavior…

Explored interface between preschoolers' socio-emotional characteristics and interactions with teachers during free play. Found that children who most frequently initiated teacher interaction behaved more aggressively than peers and were so rated by teachers. Children who most frequently received teacher initiations were more shy and anxious.…

Discusses the importance of the development of trust in peer relationships and friendships among young children. Also suggests strategies that teachers can use to help children develop trusting friendships. (BB)

Two studies of nursery school children examined the relationship between friendships and sociometric judgments of social status. (Author/BB)

The article argues that it is necessary to identify and teach mentally retarded students the work behavior that is essential for successful employment. To ensure success, students must have vocational and social skills as well as adaptability skills which help them assess a problem, set a course of action, and modify their activities. (Author/DB)

This paper presents a case report of a young adult Japanese male with infantile autism who also met diagnostic criteria for seasonal affective disorder and trichotillomania (compulsive hair pulling). The case report deals with difficulties in diagnosing mood disorder in such individuals, potential treatment effectiveness of valproic acid, and…

Analysis of interactions during 55 videotaped interviews of high-risk sex abuse cases found no support for the assumption that a credible disclosure of abuse must include the display of emotion by the child. Some behavioral differences between preschool and school-age children were found, but no gender differences. (Author/DB)

Student and teacher perceptions of differential teacher behavior toward good and not-so-good students were studied for 529 Dutch elementary school students. Students and teachers agreed that low-achieving students got more teacher support, but they differed in their views of amounts of praise and criticism. (SLD)

Interviews conducted with 602 youths at public health clinics revealed that a history of physical abuse, sexual abuse, or rape was related to engaging in a variety of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors and to a continuation or increase in the number of these behaviors between adolescence and young adulthood. (Author/JDD)

It is vital that librarians know the assumptions and principles of information-seeking behavior, make observations of themselves and users, and analyze failed reference interactions. They can make the human factor a strength rather than a limitation in the seeking and sharing of information. (Author/JMV)