This study investigated the effect of marital roles by comparing sex differences in death anxiety scores of married persons with and without children, and of single persons. Marital status was not significantly related to death anxiety. (Author)

The relation between adult age and temperament was investigated using the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey. Results showed that Masculinity declined at all ages, but General Activity declined only after age 50. (Author)

Three experiments are described in which the qualitative nature of memorial processing was manipulated at both input (encoding) and output (retrieval). As in earlier research, it was found that retention levels were highest when the same type of information was used as a retrieval cue. Concludes that the notions of encoding specificity and depth…

Two experiments investigated the effects of a prior-cuing procedure on retention after short intervals. Results indicated that both latency of correct recall and category recall are facilitated by a cue statement administered prior to the recall test. Results are also discussed in relation to spreading-activation models of memory processing.…

Recent revisions of cognitive dissonance theory no longer encompass some of the important examples, data, and hypotheses that were part of Festinger's (1957) original statement. These changes are so substantial as to prompt the observation that the evolved theory might be identified as a different theory. (Editor/RK)

It is argued that conclusions drawn from Kirkegaard-Sorensen and Mednick's recent study on criminality are weakened by inadequate selection of controls. (Editor)

Responds to Goodman's criticisms (volume 12 number 4) of his analysis of Goodman's work, using several linguistic and psychological paradigms to challenge the principles on which the work is based. (AA)

Discusses the ease with which mental labels become imprinted in our system, six basic axioms for maintaining negative mental tattoos, and psychological processes for eliminating mental tattoos and labels. (RK)

Although Tzeng (1973) and Bjork and Whitten (1974) have obtained positive recency effects in free recall using a procedure designed to eliminate any component of short-term storage, their procedures may not have truly cleared short-term storage. This experiment attempts to find whether positive recency would be obtained in a situation without any…

Discusses the relation between discrimination and identification performance, particularly with regard to experiments with speech and other signals used to draw a distinction between continuous and categorical perception. Offers three main arguments. (Author/RK)

Mixed lists of digit pairs and consonant pairs were presented under Sternberg's scanning paradigm. The results indicated that the subjects partitioned this material into discriminable subsets but apparently only used that structure to reduce response latency when the test probes were negative. Probe familiarity is discussed as a basis for this…

Evaluates the Carl Rogers Peace Project workshop held in Austria in 1985. Defines ways in which the workshop was unique. Elaborates on staff participation and the author's personal reactions. Concludes by discussing the distinctive role facilitators had in this workshop. (BR)

Used an event-sampling procedure to determine developmental patterns of sex differences in verbal aggression of 32 nursery school children. Verbal aggression was more common than physical aggression for both sexes. Another study that sampled free speech of first, third, and fifth grade children found only fifth grade boys significantly more…

Investigated Japanese children's understanding of the difference between real and apparent emotion. Children aged four to six years listened to and answered questions about stories in which the protagonist masked strong emotions. Results showed six-year-olds understood real versus apparent emotion more systematically than did four-year-olds. (SKC)

Evaluates the relations between visual attention received from peers and social competence in young preschool children by correlating Q-sort scores for social competence with visual regard. Results suggest that visual regard from peers may index general social visibility rather than social competence. (SKC)