Explores secondary school students' ideas and perceptions about learning, including how they learn best and what approaches and teaching strategies they find most conducive to learning. Results of interviews, questionnaires, and focus groups suggest students can engage in metacognitive activity, identify strengths and difficulties in learning, and…

Examines the relationship between cross-sectional measures of referential style and measures based on the first 50 words in 12 first-born children. Because no relationship was found, it is argued that age-defined cross-sectional measures confound strategy differences in early language development with variation resulting from differences in…

Discusses the need to have a clear understanding of the environment into which learning materials and resources are introduced. Topics discussed include the instructional design process, front end analysis, systems inquiry and design inquiry, the learner's role and the teacher's role, and the physical environment. (29 references) (LRW)

Excerpts from a guide for college students in conquering mathematics anxiety are presented. Selections, reconfigured for counselor and advisor use, offer coping techniques for overcoming fear of mathematics, the conviction that mathematics is a White male domain, and the assumption that one cannot be good in both mathematics and language arts.…

Beginners and advanced bowlers should understand the importance of basic principles of motion in developing an effective and competitive game. This article presents important mechanical principles of bowling, along with their applications. Topics include body balance and motion, transfer of momentum and creating force, and ball direction and pin…

Presents strategies designed to provide students with an organizational pattern to help them generate clear thinking, reading, and writing. (RS)

Examines the nature of motivation to understand how achievement motivation is related to autonomous, self-regulated learning. Discusses the role of motivation in strategic learning, with applications made to the developmental college reading population. (RS)

Examines theoretical underpinnings of metacognition and defines it operationally. Reviews related research findings. Proposes practical implications for classroom teachers who are interested in metacognitive instruction. (RS)

Discusses the environmental and constitutional factors of learning and behavioral problems in school children, and suggests an approach for management. Proposes an expanded role for the medical practitioner in assessment and management. (RJC)

Suggests current natural sciences model insufficient for rural sociology. Suggests reconceptualizing basic and applied social science to define non-natural phenomena with hierarchical characteristics including elements of agency or choice, social production and reproduction, learning, and creativity. Suggests using heuristic models and…

The overview focuses on the advantages and principles of instruction using learning strategies for students with learning disabilities. It is emphasized that strategies are not to be applied without consideration of the individual, process, or context. (MSE)

A metacognition model that can help understand general problem-solving deficits in learning disabled students is presented. Two components of metacognition are highlighted: executive processes and attributional beliefs. An educational package combining these components with specific strategy training is illustrated as an approach to improving…

The study compared the problem solving strategies of intellectually gifted (N=133), average (N=102) and mentally retarded (N=51) children on two-dimensional integration problems. Gifted children tended to integrate dimensional information by addition, average children used lexicographic strategies, and retarded children relied on a single…

Encouraging learning-disabled adolescents to find their own successful style of learning requires: (1) breaking down preconceptions about education; (2) breaking down preconceptions about self; and (3) reinforcing such principles as individual responsibility for choices. (DB)

Discusses "hermeneutics" and "inner speech" in an attempt to broaden the current theoretical basis for describing foreign language listening as a dynamically interpretive language process. A pedagogical model is proposed for the teaching of academic listening skills in the foreign language classroom. (Author/CB)