This study examined children's dialogue about tasks in grades 1 through 6. Sentences produced by 14 children who were rated as having high or low self-direction by their teachers were observed and coded for dialogue features, task features, and emotional tone. Dialogue features included: (1) initiation, which was spontaneous or elicited; (2) mode,…

YOUTH DARES (Dynamic Alternatives for Rehabilitation through Educational Services) is a program that services a variety of communities located primarily in Brooklyn, New York. It was founded on the belief that the problems facing young students require alternative and imaginative solutions. YOUTH DARES believes there are three major environments…

An emerging family constellation is the family headed by a "single mother by choice," a structure in which both single marital status and parental status are chosen. This study was conducted to determine whether single mothers by choice (N=12) differed significantly from inwedlock mothers (N=18) regarding their childbearing decisions.…

Two types of bias in the attribution process are the responsibility bias, in which individuals tend to assume more than their objective share of responsibility, and unrealistic optimism, in which individuals tend to assume that future outcomes will be positive. In order to investigate these self-serving biases among married and divorced…

Previous studies have shown a relationship between left wing political beliefs and externality on Rotter's Scale. By examining the validity of Rotter's Scale in relation to political position, no evidence was found relating political position to locus of control. (DEP)

This article discusses the effects of a teacher's values and attitudes, as reflected in his or her teaching, on the competency and value systems of students. (BRT)

The purpose of the present study is to test an explanation for the actor-observer phenomenon which is derived from a focus of attention-causal attribution notion. (Author)

Methods of persuasion are suggested to assure the transformation of children from an object of persuasion and a consumer of ideological information into the subject of ideological and moral persuasion who actively applies his convictions in his life. (Author/KM)

The present findings substantiate previous results that demonstrated that an individual's perceived locus of control becomes significantly more internal after therapeutic interventions. (Author)

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of music preference to locus of control, religiosity, parent and peer relationships, and drug use, with an emphasis on the relationship between musical preference and suicide ideology. Adolescent clients (N=22) at a large Christian counseling center and adolescents (N=76) at a religious…

This study was designed to investigate the influence of television on the lives of young people and the correlation between home computer programming, the playing of video games at home, and the playing of arcade games out of the home related to self-esteem and locus of control. Subjects were 405 students in grades 4 through 12 from 21 classrooms…

Because the literature suggests that aerobic exercise is associated with physical health and psychological well-being, there is a concern with discovering how to improve adherence to such exercise. There is growing evidence that self-motivation, as measured by the Dishman Self-Motivation Inventory (SMI), is a redictor of adherence to regular…

Using a longitudinal data set obtained from 169 pre-adolescent children between the ages of 8 and 13 years, this study statistically divided locus of control into two independent components. The first component was noted as "age-dependent" (AD) and was determined by predicted values generated by regressing children's ages onto their…

Four studies were conducted examining aspects of the social-emotional development of learning disabled elementary and secondary aged individuals. Results of the studies showed that learning disabled (LD) Ss had significantly lower self-concepts than non-learning disabled (NLD) subjects, but did not show significantly greater discrepancy between…

Although some researchers have distinguished the concepts of pain and suffering and despite the recent rise of many centers for pain management in the United States, medical educators and practitioners have given little attention to the topic of suffering. In the studies which have been conducted, patients differed in styles of coping with and…